Background: The micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are noncoding RNA molecules that are conserved developmentally and include usually 18-25 nucleotides. MiRNA regulates gene expression through mRNA degradation or inhibiting of its translation. These biomolecules contribute in cellular physiologic and pathologic processes and most of them may act as oncogenes or tumor inhibitors. Identification of...

introduction: human t cell lymphotropic l.irus type i is responsible for adult t cell leukemia/lymphoma and htlv-i associated myelopathy. the aim of this study was constructing two reporter plasmids to enable us to evaluate the effects of htlv-i tax protein upon intra cellular signalling pathways which recruit creb and nfkb proteins. material and methods: a complete coding region of bacterial b...

current investigations indicate different in vitro infection patterns for oka and dumas strains. infection of cells in culture with dumas strain produces lower number of infectious particles while the oka strain is highly infectious in vitro. it is postulated that weak expression of the replication genes in dumas strain may be the reason for the attenuated phenotype. the objective of this stud...

objective: in an attempt to develop safer and more effective gene therapy approaches as a realistic treatment for various forms of cancer, researchers are increasingly using tumor-specific promoters (tsp) to drive the expression of the gene of interest and eradicate cancer cells. in this study, for the first time we introduce the oct-4 promoter as a cancer-specific promoter with a high efficacy...

background: in gene therapy, the use of rna molecules as therapeutic agents has shown advantages over plasmid dna, including higher levels of safety. however, transient nature of rna has been a major obstacle in application of rna in gene therapy. methods: here, we used the internal ribosomal entry site of encephalomyocarditis virus and the 3’ non-translated region of poliovirus to design an en...

Background: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a novel recombinant eukaryotic expression system with many advantages including fast growth rate, rapid scalability, absence of human pathogens and the ability to fold and assemble complex proteins accurately, however, obstacle relatively low expression level necessitates optimizing foreign gene expression in this system. The Green Fluorescent Protein (G...

plant tissue culture techniques are used as basic requirement of common plant transformation systems. in most cases of plant transformation, a reproducible regeneration protocol is the limiting step due to long time lasting, specialized facilities and well experienced persons. furthermore, tissue culture procedures induce somaclonal variation among regenerated transgenic plants. therefore, rece...

Background: Sugarcane is a monocotyledonous crop that is cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. One of the most important criteria, influencing the efficiency of the sugarcane transformation is known to be related to physical and biological factors during the transformation procedure. Objectives: The objective of this research was to study the response of callus induc...

Copyright: © 2006 Thomas Boulin et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Both of these authors contributed equally To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected] Reporter g...