Identifiable comorbid conditions and organ-specific physiologic changes due to aging can limit a patient's ability to tolerate cancer therapy. In addition, the aging process can be associated with decreased physiologic reserve affecting multiple systems. This can be manifested as frailty and can interfere with the functional status of the patient, even in the absence of specific comorbidities. ...

The adverse effects of anemia in cancer patients include fatigue and enhanced chemotherapy-related toxicity. Anemia is particularly threatening for the older person with cancer who can have multiple comorbid conditions that may either cause anemia or aggravate the effects of anemia on other tissues.3 Because the functional reserve of different organ systems becomes progressively restricted with...

this paper demonstrates a method to how reserve capacity and cost allocation could be determined in a pool-based and disaggregated market model. the method considers both the spinning reserve and interruptible loads as the operating reserve services. in the proposed market, generators and consumers (including participation of interruptible loads) submit offers and bids to the independent system...

In liver diagnostics, a simple, non-invasive test with high sensitivity and specificity is permanently being sought in order to assess the degree of liver damage. In addition to liver biopsy, algorithms using blood parameters or elastometry are used in clinical practice. However, these methods do not provide information about the true liver reserve, so the liver breath test seem to be a promisi...

The rate of surgical procedures in the older population is rising. Despite surgical, anaesthetic and medical advances, older surgical patients continue to suffer from adverse postoperative outcomes. Comorbidities and reduction in physiological reserve are consistently identified as major predictors of poor postoperative outcome in this population. Frailty can be defined as a lack of physiologic...

We examined the effects of pressure overload on coronary circulation in young adult (7 months old) and old rats (18 months old). Four weeks after the ascending aorta was banded, in vivo left ventricular pressure was measured to estimate the degree of pressure load. In the two age groups, similar increases in peak left ventricular pressure were observed (113 +/- 7 mm Hg in sham-operated rats ver...

background: care of brain dead donors is complex, critical, and sensitive and has a direct and positive impact on the end result of organ and tissue transplantation process. this study describes the nurses’ experiences of care of brain dead donors in intensive care units (icu). materials and methods: this research was performed by phenomenological method that is a qualitative approach. purposiv...

Epidemiological data suggests that hypertension remains a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Western countries. The prevalence of the disease among adults in Slovenia aged 25–64 years is between 40–50% (CINDI, 2006). The early detection and severity of typical target organ damage and secondary diseases are key determinants of cardiovascular prognosis in patients sufferin...

Over the past decade, science has greatly advanced our understanding of interdependent feedback mechanisms involving the heart, lung, and kidney. Organ injury is the consequence of maladaptive neurohormonal activation, oxidative stress, abnormal immune cell signaling, and a host of other mechanisms that precipitate adverse functional and structural changes. The presentation of interorgan crosst...