Donor selection for allografting of a non-paired vital organ, such as the heart, is necessarily limited to cadaveric or possibly xenogeneic sources. In contrast, because of the presence in most normal persons of two kidneys – each with a physiological reserve capable of providing four times the minimal required function – renal transplantation has become an accepted medical procedure using cada...

The liver is an organ, which defies investigation in several ways. It is hidden in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen and away from other viscera in a "secret cave". Being a large organ, it presents problems in the localisation of lesions, particularly in the depth of the lobe. Further, its several functions are not affected to the same extent in disease. It also has a large reserve capaci...

Mitochondria play a critical role in mediating the cellular response to oxidants formed during acute and chronic cardiac dysfunction. It is widely assumed that, as cells are subjected to stress, mitochondria are capable of drawing upon a 'reserve capacity' which is available to serve the increased energy demands for maintenance of organ function, cellular repair or detoxification of reactive sp...

As part of human evolutionary development, many human organ systems have innate mechanisms to adapt to increased "work demand" or stress. This reserve capacity can be informative and is used commonly in cardiology to assess cardiac function (e.g., treadmill test). Similarly, the kidney possesses reserve capacity, which can be demonstrated in at least 2 of the following renal domains: glomerular...

Over the past decade, understanding about feedback mechanisms involving the heart, lung and kidney is significantly improved. Each organ injury may trigger hemodynamic, neuro-hormonal and cellular pathway that may damage diverse organs. Recurrent acute on chronic injury may lead to the advanced stage of disease. On the other hand, chronic pathological conditions may decrease functional reserve ...

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS The liver is the largest visceral organ in the body and receives about 25% of cardiac output through the portal vein (2/3) and the hepatic artery (1/3). Blood from the stomach, intestines, spleen, and pancreas drains into the liver via the portal vein. Therefore, oxygen is carried to the liver by both the portal vein and the hepatic artery. The liver is the central organ ...

in order to examine the effect of the quantity of nitrogen fertilizer and bush density on vegetative and productive function of henna medicinal plant (lawsonia inermis)  factorial experimentation in the form of block plan was carried in three stages in agriculture research center in south of kerman  province in corp of 2012. the first factor containing nitrogen fertilizer in 4 levels including ...

This paper demonstrates a method to how reserve capacity and cost allocation could be determined in a pool-based and disaggregated market model. The method considers both the spinning reserve and interruptible loads as the operating reserve services. In the proposed market, generators and consumers (including participation of interruptible loads) submit offers and bids to the independent system...

The aim of this study was to assess the addition intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) diets on count bacterial populations, pH digestive organ contents, histopathological description, proinflammatory markers, hepatic glycogen reserve, and diarrhoea incidence piglets challenged with Escherichia coli. Sixty-four crossbred (7.16±0.28 kg body weight, 25-days-old) were assigned four treatments in a...