Introduction: Average glandular dose calculation in mammography with Mo-Rh target-filter and dose calculation for different situations is accurate and fast. Material and Methods: In this research, first of all, x-ray spectra of a Mo target bombarded by a 28 keV electron beam with and without a Rh filter were calculated using the MCNP code. Then, we used the Sobol-Wu parameters to write a FORTRA...

introduction one of the best methods in the diagnosis and control of breast cancer is mammography. the importance of mammography is directly related to its value in the detection of breast cancer in the early stages, which leads to a more effective treatment. the purpose of this article was to calculate the x-ray spectrum in a mammography system with monte carlo codes, including mcnpx and mcnp5...

Abstract There are now numerous observations of subtle right hemisphere (RH) contributions to language comprehension. It has been suggested that these contributions reflect coarse semantic coding in the RH. That is, the RH weakly activates large semantic fields-including concepts distantly related to the input word-whereas the left hemisphere (LH) strongly activates small semantic fields-limite...

This study aimed to investigate the energy dependence and the angular dependence of commercially available optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) point dosimeters in the mammography energy range. The energy dependence was evaluated to calculate calibration factors (CFs). The half-value layer range was 0.31-0.60 mmAl (Mo/Mo 22-28 kV, Mo/Rh 28-32 kV, and W/Rh 30-34 kV at 2-kV intervals). Mo/Rh 2...

The performance of a dry sampler, with an impregnated denuder in series with a glass fibre filter, using di-n-butylamine (DBA) for airborne isocyanates (200ml min(-1)) is investigated and compared with an impinger flask with a glass fibre filter in series (1 l min(-1)). An exposure chamber containing 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and 2,4- and 2,6-toluene ...

A multilayer-based fiber optic sensor enabling simultaneous measurement of humidity and temperature is proposed and demonstrated. The sensitive elements were multilayer coatings consisting of nano-porous TiO(2) and SiO(2) films, which were deposited on fiber end-face to form a Fabry-Perot (F-P) filter structure. Relative-humidity (RH) sensing is correlated with the shift of interference fringe ...

The contribution of erythropoietin- (EPO) receptors in target tissues, such as bone marrow and spleen, to the nonlinear pharmacokinetics of recombinant human EPO (rh-EPO) was evaluated in rats. The total body clearance after i.v. administration of rh-EPO (0.2-5 microg/kg) decreased as the dose of rh-EPO increased, approaching a plateau at high doses. The uptake clearance of 125I-rh-EPO by the t...

OBJECTIVES To investigate clinical characteristics, target organ damage, and the associated risk factors of the patients aged ≥ 80 years with true resistant hypertension (RH). METHODS Patients aged ≥ 80 years with hypertension (n = 1163) were included in this study. The included participants attended a structured clinical examination and an evaluation of RH was carried out. The prevalence, cl...

Mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filters, used routinely to collect dust samples from air for fiber analysis, are the only filter type that can be prepared for both phased contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses. However, whenever fiber counts require collecting dust masses <100 μg on a single filter under variable relative humidity (RH) conditions, historically noted effec...