In the vicinity of Europa, Galileo observed bursty Alfvén-cyclotron wave power at the gyrofrequencies of a number of species including K+, O 2+, Na+, and Cl+, indicating the localized pickup of these species. Additional evidence for the presence of chlorine was the occurrence of both left-hand (LH) and right-hand (RH) polarized transverse wave power near the Cl+ gyrofrequency, thought to be due...

The location-routing problem is the most significant and yet new research field in location problems that considers simultaneously vehicle routing problem features with original one for achieving high-quality integrated distribution systems in beside of the global optimum. Simultaneous pickup and delivery based on time windows are the two main characteristics of logistic management that have be...

The problem of designing a set of routes with minimum cost to serve a collection of customers with a fleet of vehicles is a fundamental challenge when the number of customers to be dropped or picked up is not known during the planning horizon. The purpose of this paper is to develop a vehicle routing Problem (VRP) model that addresses stochastic simultaneous pickup and delivery in the urban pub...

Customers’ expectations of timely and accurate delivery pickup online purchases pose a new challenge to last-mile delivery. When the goods sent customers are not received, they must be returned warehouse. This situation provides high additional cost. Parcel locker systems convenience stores have been launched solve this problem serve as payment stations. research investigates distribution in au...

This paper addresses a vehicle scheduling problem encountered in home health care logistics. It concerns the delivery of drugs and medical devices from the home care company's pharmacy to patients' homes, delivery of special drugs from a hospital to patients, pickup of bio samples and unused drugs and medical devices from patients. The problem can be considered as a special vehicle routing prob...

One of the most important extensions of the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) is the vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery (VRPSPD) where customers require simultaneous delivery and pick-up service. In this paper, we propose an effective ant colony optimization (EACO) which includes insert, swap and 2-Opt moves for solving VRPSPD that is different with common an...

The vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery (VRPSDP) is a common transportation problem where a fleet of vehicles deliver goods from the depot to line haul customers and pick up goods from backhaul customers to the depot. This problem variation allows vehicles to make the delivery and pickup operations on same time by visiting all clients once with the aim of minimization ...

This paper presents a review of vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pickup and deliveries (VRPSPD). VRPSPD is a variant of the VRP where both delivery and pickup demands are fulfilled simultaneously. Due to computer accessibility and increased capability in computing, algorithm development has shown major advancements. These were reflected in VRP researches also. The need to improve vehic...

In this paper, we introduce a new variant of Location-Routing Problem (LRP), namely the LRP with simultaneous pickup and delivery (LRPSPD). The LRPSPD is defined as finding locations of the depots and designing vehicle routes in such a way that pickup and delivery demand of each customer must be performed with same vehicle and the overall cost is minimized. We propose two polynomial-size mixed ...