Major focus has been devoted in the last three decades to administrative and economic aspects of colonial forest policies in south India, but scientific aspects received little attention. Consequently scientific dynamics of British forestry remained a less focused domain in the literature on colonial forest history. By examining the history of forest policies in south India this paper proposes ...

Local communities surrounding Gunung Halimun Salak National Park are highly dependent on the national park area. Economic development is crucial to improving livelihood of local around Additionally, ensure that preservation will be supported by communities, activities within can also align with management park. In Indonesia, parks managed through a zonation system, in which potential areas sati...

Establishing legal protection for forest areas is the most common policy used to limit forest loss. This article evaluates the effectiveness of seven Indonesian forest protected areas introduced between 1999 and 2012. Specifically, we explore how the effectiveness of these parks varies over space. Protected areas have mixed success in preserving forest, and it is important for conservationists ...

National park and related forest conservation efforts tend to emanate from core areas of the world and are often imposed on rurai people living on forest fringes in the least developed regions of lesser developed countries. We address the social and cuitural processes that ensue when center-originating conservation meets local people with their resource-dependent livelihoods, and how these vary...

Mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) are critically endangered primates surviving in two isolated populations in protected areas within the Virunga Massif of Rwanda, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda. Mountain gorillas face intense ecologic pressures due to their proximity to humans. Human communities outside the national parks...

Large, pristine, uninhabited parks are the defining criterion of success in conserving tropical forests, according to some conservationists. It is argued that human residents in tropical forests inevitably deplete populations of large animals through hunting, triggering a chain reaction of ecological events that greatly diminish the conservation value of these forests. Hence, the removal of peo...

Conservation policies influence both the amount of habitat loss and patterns of habitat fragmentation. This paper develops a “microlandscapes” approach that combines fragmentation measures with quasi-experimental evaluation methods in order to assess the effects of policy on habitat fragmentation. As an application, the paper estimates whether and to what extent wildlife sanctuaries and nationa...

Although the vulnerability assessment of forest parks is used to determine the threats they face, a rapid and holistic framework has not been established well. The primary objective of this study is to adopt a framework for rapid assessment of forest parks vulnerability, examined in Lavizan forest park in Tehran (Iran) as the case study. The vulnerability assessment has been conducted, using th...

We analyzed the patterns of habitat use by insectivorous bats in Mexico City, one of the largest and most populated cities of the world. We tested the hypotheses that richer patches of food, expected in more vegetated areas, have higher bat activity levels, and that fast-flying species benefit most from urbanization. We compared activity of insectivorous species and relative abundance of insect...

Soil microbes play a key role in controlling ecosystem functions and providing ecosystem services. Yet, microbial communities in urban green space soils remain poorly characterized. Here we compared soil microbial communities in 41 urban parks of (i) divergent plant functional types (evergreen trees, deciduous trees and lawn) and (ii) different ages (constructed 10, ∼50 and >100 years ago). The...