Protein associated with Myc (PAM) is a giant E3 ubiquitin ligase of 510 kDa. Although the role of PAM during neuronal development is well established, very little is known about its function in the regulation of synaptic strength. Here we used multiepitope ligand cartography (MELC) to study protein network profiles associated with PAM during the modulation of synaptic strength. MELC is a novel ...

We developed dual-modality microscope integrating photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) and fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) to noninvasively image hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO₂) and oxygen partial pressure (pO₂) in vivo in single blood vessels with high spatial resolution. While PAM measures sO₂ by imaging hemoglobin optical absorption at two wavelengths, FCM quantifies pO₂ using phosphores...

Compared with visible light (380-700 nm), near-infrared light (700-1400 nm) undergoes weaker optical attenuation in biological tissue; thus, it can penetrate deeper. Herein, we demonstrate near-infrared optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (NIR-OR-PAM) with 1046 nm illumination. A penetration depth of 3.2 mm was achieved in chicken breast tissue ex vivo using optical fluence within the A...

Membrane-associated peptidylglycine a-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) activity was investigated in rat anterior and neurointermediate pituitary tissues and in pituitary AtT-20p-16~ and GH, cell lines. A substantial fraction of total pituitary PAM activity was found to be membrane-associated. Triton X-100, Noctyl-8-D-glucopyranoside, and Zwittergent were effective in solubilizing PAM activity fr...

The Salton Sea is the largest inland water body in California, covering an area of 980 km(2). Inflow to the Salton Sea (1.6 km(3) yr(-1)) is predominately nutrient-rich agricultural wastewater, which has led to eutrophication. Because internal phosphorus release from the bottom sediments is comparatively low and external phosphorus loading to the Salton Sea is high, reduction of tributary phosp...

BACKGROUND Alkylator resistance contributes to treatment failure in high-risk neuroblastoma. Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) can deplete glutathione and synergistically enhance in vitro sensitivity to the alkylating agent melphalan (L-PAM) for many neuroblastoma cell lines, but optimal use of this combination needs to be defined because clinical responses have been less frequent and not durable. ...

Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rapidly fatal infection caused by the free-living ameba Naegleria fowleri. The drug of choice in treating PAM is the antifungal antibiotic amphotericin B, but its use is associated with severe adverse effects. Moreover, few patients treated with amphotericin B have survived PAM. Therefore, fast-acting and efficient drugs are urgently needed for the ...

Distinguishing between traumatic brain injury (TBI) residuals and the effects of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during neuropsychological evaluation can be difficult because of significant overlap of symptom presentation. Using a standardized battery of tests, an artificial neural network was used to create an algorithm to perform pattern analysis matching (PAM) functions that can be used...

A new linearization method for optical transmitters based on directly modulated lasers (DMLs), named the Stretched method, was proposed in Parts I and II of this work. presented theoretical framework non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation related detailed simulation experimental results. Here, we extend to pulse amplitude schemes (PAM). Focussing 4-level PAM (PAM-4), present background discuss imp...