this study aims to have a sociological explanation of the different forms of participation among khalkhal citizens and the factors affecting it. in this study, the important issue is attention to dimensions of participation. the theoretical framework and model were presented by using the theory of talcott parsons, lipset, habermas, de tocqueville, lerner, and rostow. this research was a survey ...

This paper contributes to the debate on whether volunteering influences social cohesion, and argues that issues of race equality should be considered in this discussion. Whilst the German government, like other European states, promotes volunteering as a way of improving social cohesion, discussions on social cohesion in Germany tend not to mention race explicitly, whilst studies on volunteerin...

This study explores how music industry and consumers perceive marketing actions in social media. We employ four case studies and one focus group in the empirical research. The results demonstrate that the music industry utilizes social media to establish communities, advertise new artists and songs, promote concerts and uploads videos to get visibility for their brand. Furthermore, consumers pe...