Virtually all anti-epileptic drugs (A.E.n's) can affect mental functions. Greater attention is now being given by epileptologists in assessing cognitive effects of A.E.D's with a view to offer the patients excellent seizure control with least possible negative impact in cognition. Sodium valproate has the advantage of causing minimal dysfunction in cognitive functions as compared to other well ...

GENERIC NAME PAGE Carbamazepine 378 Clobazam 381 Clonazepam 380 Clorazepate 381 Diazepam 383 Ethosuximide 381 Ethotoin 378 Felbamate 382 Fosphenytoin 383 Gabapentin 382 Levetiracetam 382 Lamotrigine 379 Lorazepam 380 GENERIC NAME PAGE Mephenytoin 378 Mephobarbital 381 Metharbital 381 Nitrazepam 381 Oxcarbazepine 379 Phenobarbital 381 Phenytoin 377 Primidone 381 Tiagabine 381 Topiramate 379 Valp...

Baller-Gerold syndrome (BGS) is characterized by craniosynostosis and preaxial upper-limb malformations, and it has an autosomal recessive inheritance. Valproate syndrome occurs after exposure to valproic acid in utero, and is characterized by trigonocephaly. Both syndromes can also present with other malformations. Herein, we report a female newborn and her brother who both had a history of fe...

Background. None of treatment options for Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), including surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and ultimately liver transplantation, have been shown to substantially improve the survival rate in patients with CCA. Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been shown to display potent antitumor effects. In this study, sodium valproate, the clinical...

The case history and toxicological findings of a fatal suicidal valproic acid overdose are presented. Valproic acid concentrations were determined in body tissues and fluids by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) following both direct extraction and the method of standards addition and quantitative fluorescence polarization immunoassay. The quantitative results obtained by the three procedures were...

Several commercial brand and generic formulations containing sodium valproate (NaVA) alone or in different combinations of this with valproic acid (VAac) were assayed using a clean automatic approach. To accomplish it, a sequential injection analysis based system coupled to potentiometric detection was exploited. The dissolution tests were performed at pH 6.8 where valproic acid (VAac) is quant...

Anti-epileptic drugs administered during pregnancy can cause structural defects in the growing fetus and result in adverse neurodevelopmental outcome later in life. Fetal valproate syndrome (FVS) results from teratogenic effects of valproic acid exposure in the prenatal period. It is characterised by a distinctive dysmorphic facies and a cluster of minor and major anomalies, as well as developm...

Case report A 14-year-old male was admitted with a five months history of recurrent purpuric papules on his buttocks and lower limbs lasting up to four days with a burning sensation. The patient had a 10 year medical history of epileptic absences treated with valproic acid 300 mg daily before the initiation of purpura. Laboratory screening for cutaneous vasculitis was unremarkable including ful...

Thirty patients with persistent chronic daily headache, unresponsive to various combinations of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment were selected for an open label study using divalproex sodium. All patients had normal liver function tests. After a baseline observation period of 1 month, patients were given divalproex sodium 1000 to 2000 mg per day, for a period of 3 months. Blood ...