recent studies in scientific education as well as foreign and second language instruction suggest that thinking has rarely been an integral part of education and training in classroom. some scholars decried the lack of emphasis on thinking in the institutes and schools. they noted that memorization and drills were rewarded,while inquiry, reflection, and consideration of alternatives were frowne...

Nowadays watershed catchments have been introduced as the main point of permanent development in many management discussions. Watershed catchments ecological power assessment and their rankings according to different Ethological criteria is one of the important factors in watershed catchments planning and management. Taxonomy method is one of the most comprehensive planned systems for assessing...

One of the main objectives of soil classification systems is to identify the differences of soil properties for management purposes. In this study, the efficiency of American and WRB soil classification systems were compared in order to describe some of soil physical, chemical and mineralogical properties in arid and semiarid regions of central Iran. Khatoon-Abad and Mobarekeh plains as arid re...

Formation of clay minerals is affected by soil forming factors which in turn play an important role in soil management. The aim of the present research was to study genesis, classification, and clay mineralogy of Koshkooiyeh-Anar soils. Four representative pedons were studied for physicochemical and clay mineralogy analyses. Gypsic, salic, and natric were among the diagnostic horizons that have...