The detection probability of visible light reconnaissance equipment is one of key indexes to assess the performance of the system. The detection probability is determined by many factors, such as atmospheric visibility, target-background contrast, target size and distance, solar elevation angle etc. Based on the detection probability model of the visible light reconnaissance equipment to gain t...

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation affects human life and UV exposure is a significant everyday factor that individuals must be aware of to ensure minimal damaging biological effects to themselves. UV exposure is affected by many complex factors. Albedo is one factor, involving reflection from flat surfaces. Albedo is defined as the ratio of reflected (upwelling) irradiance to incident (downwelling) ir...

The dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) have been regarded as one of the most promising new generation solar cells. Tremendous research efforts have been invested to improve the efficiency of solar energy conversion which is generally determined by the light harvesting efficiency, electron injection efficiency and undesirable electron lifetime. In this review, various characteristics of dye-...

nanostructures of noble metal materials have been used in organic solar cells for enhancement of performance and light trapping. in this study, we have introduced branched silver cauliflower-like nanopatterns as sub-wavelength structured metal grating in organic solar cells. self-assembled fabrication process of branched nanopatterns was carried out on a bio-template of cicada wing nanonipple a...

ground state geometries have been computed using density functional theory (dft) at b3lyp/6-31g(d,p) level of theory. the excitation energies and spectroscopic parameters have been computed using long range corrected (lc) hybrid functional by time dependent density functional theory (tddft) with lc-blyp level of theory. the polarizable continuum model (pcm) has been used for evaluating bulk sol...

the dye-sensitized solar cells (dssc) have been regarded as one of the most promising new generation solar cells. tremendous research efforts have been invested to improve the efficiency of solar energy conversion which is generally determined by the light harvesting efficiency, electron injection efficiency and undesirable electron lifetime. in this review, various characteristics of dye-sensi...

One major problem of the conventional solar cells is low conversion efficiency. In this work, we have proposed a new design including hemisphere texturing on top and metallic plasmonic nanostructure under the silicon layer to enhance the optical absorption inside the photosensitive layer.    The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been used to investigate the interaction of light wi...

Today, due to qualitative growth and scientific advances, energy, especially electricity is increasingly needed by human society. One of the almost endless and pure energy which have been paid attention over the years is the solar energy. Solar cells directly convert solar energy into electrical energy and are one of the main blocks of photovoltaic systems. Significant improvement has been made...

anionic dbs surfactant can be photodegraded in a tio2 dispersion and h2o2 solution under an hg-lamp (15 w) uv illumination or solar exposure. degradation process has been monitored through cleavage of aromatic moiety. degradation of the detergent was small when the photolysis was carried out in the absence of tio2 and h2o2 and it was negligible in the absence of light. most of the curves repres...

Photocatalytic water splitting is a new technology for the conversion and utilization of solar energy and has a potential prospect. One important aspect of enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency is how to improve the electron-hole separation. Up to now, there is still no ideal strategy to improve the electron-hole separation. In this article, for metal-free organic photocatalysts, we propose a...