in this paper, by using of frobenius theorem a relation between lie subalgebras of the lie algebra of a top space t and lie subgroups of t(as a lie group) is determined. as a result we can consider these spaces by their lie algebras. we show that a top space with the finite number of identity elements is a c^{∞} principal fiber bundle, by this method we can characterize top spaces.

if we consider some special conditions, we can assume fundamental group of a topological space as a new topological space. in this paper, we will present a number of theorems in topological fundamental group related to semilocally simply connected property for a topological space.

based on a gender equity perspective and within a pluralistic civil society, women should have equal rights for presence in and use of urban open spaces. despite this, various factors decrease their presence including inappropriate design of space, as well as socio-cultural obstacles. since women’s major place of presence and activity has traditionally been in or near home, neighborhood open sp...

Based on a gender equity perspective and within a pluralistic civil society, women should have equal rights for presence in and use of urban open spaces. Despite this, various factors decrease their presence including inappropriate design of space, as well as socio-cultural obstacles. Since women’s major place of presence and activity has traditionally been in or near home, neighborhood open s...