the non-defoliant strain of verticillium dahliae (ss-4) was isolated from olive groves showing disease symptoms in toshan area of southern gorgan city. root-knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica, was recovered from infested olive seedlings and following identification it was propagated on tomato seedlings cv. rutgers. one-year-old seedlings of olive cultivars, zard, roghani, koroneiki and manzani...

Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. causes severe yield losses in vegetable crops. Chitosan is one of the most abundant biopolymer available worldwide next to cellulose. It known have anti-nemic, anti-fungal and anti- bacterial properties. Application chitosan induces systemic resistance tomato plants against pathogens by increasing phenolic content antioxidant enzymes viz., Polyphenol oxidase...

root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) are among the most important groups of plant-parasitic nematodes, causing damage and yield losses to most cultivated plants. the bacterium pseudomonas fluorescens cha0 and the fungus trichoderma harzianum bi were investigated for biological control capability and systemic induction of resistance against the nematode m. javanica under glasshouse conditions....

biological control of tomato root-knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica, by the isolate bi of trichoderma harzianum was evaluated in greenhouse and laboratory conditions in tomato cv. king stone. effects of fungal spore suspensions in various densities (103 to 108 spore/ml) were studied on different disease intensities (average of gall diameters, average of root weight and average of stem weight)...

background: elicitors can trigger defense responses and activate specific genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis. objective: for understanding sa-treatment signaling pathway we determined defense-related compounds and enzymes in s. marianum hairy root cultures. methods: 28 day old hairy roots were treated by salicylic acid (6 mg/50 ml culture) for different times (24, 48, 72, 96 an...

The effects of mycorrhizal inoculation and increasing soil P levels on the expression of total proteins and peroxidase activity on passion fruit roots were evaluated. The experimental design was entirely at random, with four treatments of inoculation (a--control; b--Gigaspora albida; c--Scutellospora heterogama; d--mixture of G. albida, G. margarita, S. heterogama, and Glomus clarum) x three le...