Subaerial biofilms play a central role in the ecology and biodeterioration of many outdoor monuments pieces art. It is well established that microorganisms can face broad range stress by living these subaerial environments, but their origin, taxa determinants physiological traits are debated. Here, we hypothesized bacteria forming originate from surrounding air soil selective pressure life on r...

Cellular Automata (CA) are parallel computing models whose evolution is governed by purely local laws. The global dynamics of complex systems simulated by means of CA emerges from the local interactions of their elementary components. Some macroscopic natural phenomena are included in the class of such complex systems. Among them, of particular interest are several W\SHVRI³VXUIDFHIORZV´ where t...

This review presents modelling techniques and processes that govern landslide tsunami generation, with emphasis on tsunamis induced by fully submerged landslides. The analysis focuses on a set of representative examples in simplified geometries demonstrating the main kinematic landslide parameters influencing initial tsunami amplitudes and wavelengths. Scaling relations from laboratory experime...

The Devonian to Carboniferous sinters of the Drummond Basin, Australia, are among the oldest well established examples of fossil subaerial hot springs. Numerous subaerial and subaqueous spring deposits are known from the geological record as a result of the occurrence of economic mineral deposits in many of them. Some are reported to contain fossils, but very few have been studied by paleobio...

Macroscopic Cellular Automata characterize a methodological approach for modelling large scale (extended for kilometres) complex acentric phenomena, e.g. surface flows as lava flows, debris flows etc.. This paper concerns the extension of such a method in order to simulate combined subaerial-subaqueous flow-like landslides. The occurrence of heterogeneous interacting processes requires a more p...

3 Recently a reduced complexity model which simulates the process of delta 4 formation on geological time scales has been proposed [Seybold et al., 2007]. 5 It includes subaerial and subaqueous growth in a three dimensional frame-6 work. In this paper we apply this model to the formation of a river domi-7 nated delta and compare the model dynamics with observations of the for-8 mation of the Ba...

Knowledge of the global rates volcanism is fundamental for modeling Earth, as those closely relate to plate tectonics, crustal growth, mantle dynamics, atmospheric evolution, climate change, and virtually any aspect Earth dynamics. In spite their huge relevance, have remained unknown, hidden within data that appeared disordered, largely fragmented incomplete, reflecting poor preservation small ...

[1] The output of gas and tephra from volcanoes is an inherently disorganized process that makes reliable flux estimates challenging to obtain. Continuous monitoring of gas flux has been achieved in only a few instances at subaerial volcanoes, but never for submarine volcanoes. Here we use the first sustained (yearlong) hydroacoustic monitoring of an erupting submarine volcano (NW Rota-1, Maria...

To enhance our ability to extract palaeobiological and palaeoenvironmental information from ancient thermal spring deposits, we have studied the processes responsible for the development and preservation of stromatolites in modern subaerial thermal spring systems in Yellowstone National Park (USA). We investigated specimens collected from silica-depositing thermal springs along the thermal grad...