The aim of this study was to determine which of two occlusal indices were the most appropriate for use in the assessment of orthognathic outcome. The indices used were the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) Index and the Index of Treatment Complexity, Outcome, and Need (ICON). These indices were validated against the subjective assessments of treatment outcome and treatment improvement obtained from ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To describe the association between self reported and externally assessed work characteristics and psychiatric disorder. DESIGN Analysis of questionnaire data collected from the first phase of the Whitehall II study, a cohort study of an employed population. SETTING Twenty civil service departments in London. PARTICIPANTS Altogether 6900 male and 3414 female civil servants...

There are many indices for measuring property rights (PR) security. They may be classified into two groups: subjective proxies and objective proxies. Most of the proxies are subjective. One contribution of this paper is introducing a new approach for measuring government expenditures devoted to PR protection. Calculating physical capital within the introduced new approach is another contributio...

the aim ofstudy was to explain the role of resilience on subjective well-being and their relationship with self-efficacy at nursing care assistants of the kahrizak elderly home. the research method was descriptive-correlative and analysis method of structural equation modeling. statistical population consisted of all care assistants of kahrizak nursing home has formed to number of 175 of which ...

We compared, in volunteers, the effect of propofol (PROP) and dexmedetomidine (DEX) sedation on autonomic nervous activities and subjective feelings during psychological stresses. In a crossover design, 25 subjects received PROP and DEX titrated to a bispectral index value of 75 to 85. Heart rate, heart rate variability, and salivary alpha-amylase (objective indices) and a faces anxiety scale (...

INTRODUCTION Subjective craving is a prominent construct in the study of tobacco motivation; yet, the precise measurement of tobacco craving poses several difficulties. A behavioral economic approach to understanding drug motivation imports concepts and methods from economics to improve the assessment of craving. METHODS Using an immersive virtual reality (VR) cue reactivity paradigm, this st...

OBJECTIVE The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory is a questionnaire for assessing the impact of tinnitus by quantifying psychoemotional and functional problems it causes. The objective of the study was to validate the Brazilian Portuguese translation of this questionnaire, named Questionario de Gravidade do Zumbido. METHODS The questionnaire was applied to 135 individuals with tinnitus from two audi...