Drug administration via mucosal membranes, including the vaginal, has the advantage of by passing the hepatogastrointestinal first pass metabolism associated with oral administration. Metronidazole suppositories were prepared using different suppository bases viz., water soluble bases ( PEGs and gelatin ) emulsion and fatty bases. The physicochemical properties of most of the prepared MTZ suppo...

Postoperative analgesia is one of the important objectives in women undergone Caesarean surgery. We, therefore, we dealt with the comparison of the analgesic effect between Acetaminophen and Indomethacin in post-Caesarean analgesia. This random clinical trial was performed on 200 women who had undergone Caesarean delivery in Shahrood’s hospitals in 2013 and were randomly placed in 4 groups of 5...

cancer pain. The oral route is the first choice in administering medication to relieve it, but clinical experience has shown that alternative routes of administration should be employed for patients suffering from nausea and vomiting. Furthermore, as morphine is subjected to the extensive first-pass metabolism after oral administration, the rectal administration of morphine, which can partially...

Glucocorticoids are drugs of choice for treatment of laryngotracheitis (croup). They may be administered orally as tablets or juice, locally as inhalation or rectally as suppository or capsule. If doctors decide to use a rectal administration for practical reasons, it is obvious from a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic point of view that prednisolone capsules have an earlier and stronger anti...

BACKGROUND Theophylline has been widely used to treat asthma, but recent studies have revealed that the possible risks for seizure may result in the revision of the therapeutic guidelines. METHODS An 8-month-old boy who had been treated with oral sustained-release theophylline and additional aminophylline suppository was hospitalized. A combination of diazepam, lidocaine and thiopental was re...

this study investigated efficacy and side effects of morphine suppository for pain management after the first elective caesarean delivery in comparison to diclofenac suppository. one hundred women aged 18-40 with term pregnancies undergoing elective caesarean section for the first time participated in this prospective project. exclusion criteria included drug sensitivity, fetal malformations or...

Paracetamol is commercially available in oral and rectal dosage forms for geriatric and pediatric patients. Limitation of oral drug delivery for pediatric patient is inconvenience to swallow the tablet, capsule and oral suspension; in such case suppositories are effective and often used. To achieve successful delivery of drug locally as well as systematically, rectal route has proved its potent...

AIM To determine the effects of hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (HBB) rectal suppository on labor progress in primigravid women. METHODS A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out on 130 primigravid women admitted for spontaneous labor. The women were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomized into the experimental (n=65) and control group...