Mid-latitude ozone changes: studies with a 3-D CTM forced by ERA-40 analyses W. Feng, M. P. Chipperfield, M. Dorf, and K. Pfeilsticker Institute for Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK Institute für Umweltphysik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Received: 3 April 2006 – Accepted: 21 April 2006 – Published: 17 July 2006 Correspondence...

Evaluation of ECMWF ERA-40 temperature and wind in the lower tropical stratosphere since 1988 from past long-duration balloon measurements T. Christensen, B. M. Knudsen, J.-P. Pommereau, G. Letrenne, A. Hertzog, F. Vial, J. Ovarlez, and M. Piot Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark Service d’Aéronomie, IPSL/CNRS, Verrières-Le-Buisson, France Centre National d’Études Spatiales, To...

Wind has become increasingly important as a source of energy although the generation of wind energy is quite erratic because of its changeable nature. For a given location, wind speed and direction change over time and at different heights. Previous studies have discovered different pattern of wind profiles, however an improved understanding of its spatial, temporal and variation in heights is ...

The Iranian Rehabilitation Journal (IRJ) invites research papers on the genetic basis of single gene and complex disorders. This vastly dynamic branch of science will complement the multidisciplinary wealth of expertise in the fields of social welfare and rehabilitation. The past few years have witnessed outstanding research projects on the genetic causes of numerous debilitating disorders, suc...

The 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data are analyzed to demonstrate that wave forcing at lower latitudes plays a crucial role in driving the tropical upwelling portion of the Brewer–Dobson circulation. It is shown that subtropical wave forcing is correlated with tropical upwelling on both intraseasonal and interannual time scales when transient waves are taken into account, and that tropical ...

[1] The energy input to the upper ocean Ekman layer is assessed for the Southern Ocean by examining the rotary cross spectrum between wind stress and surface velocity for frequencies between 0 and 2 cpd. The wind stress is taken from European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ERA-40 reanalysis, and drifter measurements from 15 m depth are used to represent surface velocities, with an ad...

We are now in the post-PC era, yet our mobile devices are insecure. We consider the different stake-holders in today’s mobile device ecosystem, and analyze why widely-deployed hardware security primitives on mobile device platforms are inaccessible to application developers and end-users. We systematize existing proposals for leveraging such primitives, and show that they can indeed strengthen ...

For the last few years, antibiotic resistance has become one of the major concerns within medical society. On one hand, pathogens have mostly acquired resistance against the major conventional antibiotics used in the treatment of microbial infections. These included even first-line antibiotics, which are critical in the treatment of severe infections. This catastrophic situation has occurred du...

To my family in China and my wife Yun ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank Prof. Robert Dickinson for advising my thesis and providing support for my PhD study for the past five years. This dissertation would be impossible without his continuous encouragement and support. I am grateful to the support and help from and discussions with Prof. Albany). I also like to thank my current and past group me...