[Purpose] The effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in the rehabilitation of swallowing remains controversial. This study compared the effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and thermal tactile oral stimulation, a traditional swallowing recovery treatment, in patients with sub-acute dysphagia caused by stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Subjects of the present study w...

We have previously suggested that protein kinase C (PKC) contributes to persistent pain in the formalin test. This study compared the effects of pharmacological inhibition of PKC with either GF 109203X or chelerythrine on persistent pain following noxious chemical stimulation with its effects on mechanical hyperalgesia, which develops in the hindpaw contralateral to an injury produced by noxiou...

This study evaluated relationships between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pain, sympathetic dysregulation, and thermal pain sensitivity. Eight female patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS and ten healthy female controls were tested for sensitivity to thermal stimulation of the left palm. A new method of response-dependent thermal stimulation was used to maintain pain intensity at a predetermin...

The effect of conditioning stimulation on thermal sensitivity and clinical pain was studied in 40 patients and six healthy subjects. Thresholds regarding cold, warm and heat pain perception did not differ significantly between the painful and non-painful skin areas in patients or between patients and healthy subjects before stimulation. The patients received either 100 Hz TENS, 2 Hz TENS, 100 H...

Recent studies have confirmed and extended the 19th-century observations of E. H. Weber that concomitant cold can intensify the apparent heaviness of tactile pressure stimulation. These studies have also shown that concomitant wann can also intensify pressure sensation in some regions of the body. The question arises whether pressure can intensify thermal sensations under comparable conditions ...

To evaluate the involvement of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade in orofacial neuropathic pain mechanisms, this study assessed nocifensive behavior evoked by mechanical or thermal stimulation of the whisker pad skin, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) neurons, and Vc neuronal responses to mechanical or t...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of contact heat thermal stimulation in horses at different body sites and under different environmental conditions and different test situations. Five warm-blood horses were equipped with the thermal probe located on the skin of nostril (N), withers (W) or coronary band (C). Skin temperature and reaction temperature (thermal thresh...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with dysphagia caused by stroke. METHODS Thirty-six subjects were randomized into experimental and control groups. The control group was given thermal-tactile stimulation treatment only, while in the experimental group neuromuscular electrical stimulation and thermal-tactile sti...