background: the positive impacts of exercise therapy on patients’ cognitive problems still remain unknown. this study was a pilot intervention to examine the effects of combined exercise on the cognitive problems of patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) in iranian ms society over 2012 to 2013.   methods : this quasi-experimental research was carried out in the form of a pretest/posttest study. ...

background: type 2 diabetes is an important risk factor for cognitive decline in diabetic patients. the main goal of this study was the assessment of memory, attention and visuospatial ability dysfunctions in patients with type 2 diabetes in comparison to pre-diabetic patients and normal subjects in endocrine and metabolism center of isfahan city from april 2011 to july 2011. methods: the sampl...

Previous studies have shown that caffeine has beneficial effects on cognitive impairment in sleep deprived male rats. Therefore in the present study, we examined the effects of chronic caffeine administration on learning and memory impairments induced by sleep deprivation (SD) in the intact and ovarectomized (OVX) female rats. Two sets of animals including intact and OVX were randomly recruited...

cognitive neuroscience prefers a reductionist approach to normal and abnormal brain functions. so, it tries to reducing causes and indices of cognitive and neural processes, in order to increases the accuracy in investigation and manipulation of variables. as a comparison, common diagnostic criteria for mental disorders utilize multidimensional global criteria that existence of some non-overlap...

introduction: age-related decreases in cognitive functions such as executive functions are a common phenomenon. cognitive rehabilitation with two main approaches, compensation and remediation, is used to help elderlies coping with these deficits. despite reported benefits, there are doubts on the efficacy of each of these approaches. we tried to provide effective computerized cognitive tasks as...

introduction: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic, autoimmune, and inflammatory nervous system disease. it leads to the loss of myelin in the white matter of brain, spinal cord and optic nerves. as a chronic disease with sudden and unpredictable side effects and complications of the disease will lead to disability and dependency in life. causes neurologic symptoms and sig. the purpose of the p...

anxiety disorders, especially panic disorder, are the prevalent psychiatric disorders. given the high prevalence of this disorder (1.5 to 5 percent of the population), significant impact on quality of life and dysfunctional cognitions during panic attacks and cognitive functions, the present study examined the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy on improvement of cognitive functions patien...

A new surprising study suggests that various cognitive abilities and motosensory functions remain perfectly intact as honeybee workers age. How do these findings fit in with a buzzing life?