Cold sensation is an important and fundamental sense for animals and it is known to be affected by ambient temperature. Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a nonselective cation channel expressed in a subset of peripheral afferent fibers, acts as a cold sensor, having an activation threshold of ∼28°C. Although the cold temperature threshold of TRPM8 is affected by menthol or pH, ...

Turbocharged CNG engines produce high NOx emission due to the fuel type and high combustion temperature. In this research, the effects of lean-burn and waste gate opening pressure threshold on NOx emission are studied theoretically and experimentally at WOT condition as well as 13-mode ECE-R49 test cycle. A code is developed in MATLAB environment for predicting engine NOx and the results are va...

Layered alloys and composite materials have become an increasingly popular in industrial development. The roll bonding (RB) process, as a solid phase method of bonding, has been widely used in manufacturing large layered strips. In this study, aluminum alloy (AA 5083) strips were roll bonded at warm and cold temperatures. The effects of the rolling parameters such as the amount of plastic deform...

A novel uncalibrated CMOS programmable temperature switch with high temperature accuracy is presented. Its threshold temperature Tth can be programmed by adjusting the ratios of width and length of the transistors. The operating principles of the temperature switch circuit is theoretically explained. A floating gate neural MOS circuit is designed to compensate automatically the threshold temper...

Sweating threshold temperature and sweating sensitivity responses are measured to evaluate thermoregulatory control. However, analytic approaches vary, and no standardized methodology has been validated. This study validated a simple and standardized method, segmented linear regression (SReg), for determination of sweating threshold temperature and sensitivity. Archived data were extracted for ...

In this investigation a non-equilibrium thermodynamic model of the temperature dependent biological growth of a living systems has been analyzed. The results are derived on the basis of Gompertzian growth equation. In this model, we have considered the temperature dependent growth rate and development parameter. The non-equilibrium thermodynamic model is also considered for exploring the variat...

In order to obtain control data on the temperature sense (warm and cool threshold values) of fingertips, the relationships between room temperature and either skin temperature, warm threshold or cool threshold of the middle fingertips were investigated in healthy subjects (6 males), using our thermo-esthesiometer. The skin temperature changes in a sigmoidal response with the variation of room t...