BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence and outcome of optic neuropathy associated with thyroid-related orbitopathy. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients diagnosed as having optic neuropathy associated with thyroid-related orbitopathy who underwent treatment for optic neuropathy between January 1, 1999, and March 1, 2003, were reviewed. Demographic and clinical data were extracted ...

Objective: To review the practice of orbital irradiation in thyroid orbitopathy. Methods: Review of the records of patients who received orbital irradiation for thyroid orbitopathy between June 1995 and June 1999. Twenty four patients were treated with a radiotherapy protocol. The practice of radiotherapy was analyzed and various clinical parameters were measured to document the response during...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of strabismus surgery on proptosis in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy. METHODS The medical records of 22 consecutive patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy undergoing strabismus surgery were reviewed. Data pertaining to the number of muscles operated on, amount of muscle recession, prior orbital decompression, and exophthalmometry were evaluat...

Thyroid orbitopathy (thyroid associated orbitopathy or Graves’ ophthalmopathy) is a common cause of proptosis, eyelid retraction, orbital congestion, and motility disturbances in adults. Each patient experiences a unique combination of symptoms and signs for an unpredictable duration and with varying severity. Although orbital manifestations typically improve within 2–5 years, these years feel ...

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-rd) is characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and tissue fibrosis. Orbital manifestations of IgG4-rd may include unilateral or bilateral proptosis, cicatricial extraocular muscle myopathy, orbital inflammation and pain which may mimic ophthalmic Graves' disease. CASE PRESENTATION A 25-year-old woman has been referred to the endocrino...

Coexistence of Graves-Basedow disease with orbitopathy and thyroid cancer is believed to be a rare event. A 39-year-old man with clinical features of hyperthyroidism associated with exophthalmos and goitre presented to out patient clinic. Thyroid function tests showed hyperthyroidism with elevated thyroid-stimulating antibodies. Graves-Basedow disease was diagnosed. Ultrasound revealed diffuse ...

BACKGROUND Surgery has evolved over the past 20 years. Conceptual and technical advances have helped improve the surgical rehabilitation of Graves' orbitopathy. A historical comparison of methods and approaches has shown clear progress. SUMMARY Surgical rehabilitation of Graves' orbitopathy is traditionally staged: orbital decompression, extraocular muscle surgery, eyelid repositioning, and t...

Certain cases of thyroid-related orbitopathy may require surgical decompression of the orbit. The purpose of this paper is to highlight new techniques of orbital decompression in thyroid-related orbitopathy. We present two illustrative cases selected from our recent surgical experience. The techniques of combined-approach decompression, transcaruncular approach to the medial orbital wall, drill...

Dysthyroid orbitopathy (thyroid-associated orbitopathy or Graves’ ophthalmopathy) is the most common cause of both unilateral and bilateral proptosis in adults. This proptosis is usually accompanied by eyelid retraction, orbital congestion or motility disturbances. Each patient experiences a unique combination of symptoms and signs for an unpredictable duration and with varying severity. Althou...