Based on the careful analysis of the reading process and the thorough comparison of the three approaches to reading (the bottom-up approach, the top-down approach and the interactive approach), this paper focuses on the interactive approach to teaching English reading in college. It suggests that during the reading process, the focus should be put both on decoding the meaning of the text and on...

Anxiety is characterized by the anticipation of aversive future events. The importance of prestimulus anticipatory factors, such as goals and expectations, is well-established in both visual perception and attention. Nevertheless, the prioritized perception of threatening stimuli in anxiety has been attributed to the automatic processing of these stimuli and the role of prestimulus factors has ...

Title of dissertation: THE EFFECT OF MENTAL STRESS ON BRAIN DYNAMICS AND PERFORMANCE RELATED TO ATTENTION CONTROL DURING A VIGILANCE TASK: AN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION Bartlett Anne Healy Russell, Doctor of Philosophy, 2013 Dissertation directed by: Professor Bradley D. Hatfield Neuroscience and Cognitive Sciences Program Department of Kinesiology Anxiety can increase distractibilit...

Models of the reading process generally describe the relations among the components of reading in skilled readers. In these models, the relations between bottom-up word recognition processes (lower order processes) and top-down comprehension processes (higher order processes) are typically described. In bottom-up models of reading, processing starts with the raw input and passes through increas...