Experimentation with the selection silvicultural system in the Engelmann Spruce-Subalpine Fir (ESSF) Zone of east-central British Columbia began nearly ten years ago. The initial impetus for partial cutting came from concerns about specific nontimber resources, such as scenic values, water quality for domestic use, and habitat for mountain caribou (Rangifer tarandus). A set of first-generation ...

Pi is a system for the interactive construction and editing of formal derivations in the calculus of finitary partial inductive definitions. This calculus can be used as a logical framework where object logics are specified, turning Pi into a derivation system for a particular object logic. Noteworthy features of Pi include: a graphic user interface where derivations are presented in tree form,...

Despite the importance of financial outcomes to stand-level forest management decision-making, long-term assessments are rare. We compared quality and value mixed, northern conifer (Picea–Abies–Tsuga) stands in Maine, USA, treated with a range silvicultural systems exploitive cuttings for 65 years. Ten replicated treatments — single-tree selection uniform shelterwood systems, commercial clearcu...

Lianas (woody vines) reduce growth and survival of host trees in both temperate and tropical forests; however, the relative strength of liana-tree competition in comparison to tree-tree competition remains unexplored. When controlling for biomass, lianas may have greater competitive effects than trees because the unique morphology of lianas allows them to reach the forest canopy at relatively s...

Partial cutting is thought to be an alternative to achieve sustainable management in boreal forests. However, the effects of intermediate harvest intensity (45%–80%) on growth remain unknown in black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) stands, one of the most widely distributed boreal species with great commercial interest. In this study, we analysed the effect of three experimental shelterwo...

In this study, an approach to identify factors affecting on surface roughness in a machining process is presented. This study is based on 81 data about surface roughness over a wide range of cutting tools (conventional, cutting tool with holes, cutting tool with composite material), workpiece materials (AISI 1045 Steel, AA2024 aluminum alloy, A48-class30 gray cast iron), spindle speed (6301000 ...

We study random cutting down of a rooted tree and show that the number of cuts is equal (in distribution) to the number of records in the tree when edges (or vertices) are assigned random labels. Limit theorems are given for this number, in particular when the tree is a random conditioned Galton–Watson tree. We consider both the distribution when both the tree and the cutting (or labels) are ra...