We discuss how light can be efficiently bent by nanoscale-width slit waveguides in metals. The discussion is based on accurate numerical solutions of Maxwell's equations. Our results, using a realistic model for silver at optical wavelengths, show that good right-angle bending transmission can be achieved for wavelengths lambda> 600 nm. An approximate stop-band at lower wavelengths also occurs,...

Error estimâtes for the mixed finite element solution of 4th order elliptic problems with variable coefficients, which, in the particular case of aniso-/ortho-/isotropic plate bending problems, gives a direct, simultaneous approximation to bending moment tensor field ^ = {ipij)i<ij<2 and displacement field u\ have been developed considering the combined effect of boundary approximation and nume...

MutS recognizes base-base mismatches and base insertions/deletions (IDLs) in newly replicated DNA. Specific interactions between MutS and these errors trigger a cascade of protein-protein interactions that ultimately lead to their repair. The inability to explain why different DNA errors are repaired with widely varying efficiencies in vivo remains an outstanding example of our limited knowledg...

In this article, perfectly matched layer (PML) for the boundary treatment and an efficient compact two dimensional finite-difference frequency-domain (2-D FDFD) method were combined to model photonic crystal fibers (PCF). For photonic crystal fibers, if we assume that the propagation constant along the propagation direction is fixed, three-dimensional hybrid guided modes can be calculated by us...

The interaction of proteins with DNA results, in some cases, in DNA bending, and this might have functional importance. However, when the protein-induced bending of DNA is small, its measurement presents a problem. It is shown that the fluorescence resonance energy transfer between fluorophores placed on the ends of the specially designed U-shaped DNA, which contains the DNA-binding sites at it...

An electrostatic torsion micromirror is designed using the optimized spring-shaped torsion beams and U-shaped groove supporters. The main advantages of this design will be a reduction in the pull-in voltage for low-voltage applications and the function as a switch of the instability mode by adjusting the effective bending stiffness of the torsion beam. In this design, a theoretical model is dev...

The most prominent feature of sheet material forming process is an elastic recovery phenomenon during unloading which leads to springback and side wall curl. Therefore evaluation of springback and side wall curl is mandatory for production of precise products. In this paper, the effects of some parameters such as friction coefficient, sheet thickness, yield strength of sheet and blank-holder fo...

In this paper, a new three dimensional brick finite element based on the strain approach is presented with the purpose of identifying the most effective to analyze linear thick and thin plate bending problems. The developed element which has the three essential external degrees of freedom (U, V and W) at each of the eight corner nodes, is used with a modified elasticity matrix in order to satis...

Several nonlinear eigenvalue problems modeling the steady-state deflection of an elastic membrane associated with a MEMS capacitor under a constant applied voltage are analyzed using formal asymptotic methods. The nonlinear eigenvalue problems under consideration represent various regular and singular perturbations of the basic membrane nonlinear eigenvalue problem ∆u = λ/(1 + u) in Ω with u = ...

The study proposes a small U-shaped bending-induced interference optical fiber sensor; this novel sensor is a probe-type sensor manufactured using a mechanical device, a heat source, optical fiber and a packaging module. This probe-type sensor overcomes the shortcomings of conventional optical fibers, including being difficult to repair and a tendency to be influenced by external forces. We man...