Objective. Violence involving children has been one of the least documented areas of violent crime. The purpose of this study was to develop cost estimates to assess the magnitude of juvenile violence in Pennsylvania in terms of both victimizations and perpetrators. Our study is the first to address 4 critical questions. First, how large a share of violence is juvenile violence? Second, is the ...

After Sep. 11, the Muslim people in USA were facing a critical situation of anti-Muslim hate crimes, which caused great impacts to Muslim people’s daily lives. The Muslim people’s social status and their lives therefore became the focused concern in the hostile urban environment. What is the Muslim people’s reaction and feel to this change? And how do they adapt themselves to the critical urban...

BACKGROUND Although, the roots of criminal behaviours clearly lie in social, economic, and cultural factors, the increase criminal offences in urban settings has raised the issue of prevention through urban environmental health, planning and design. METHODS The approach of the study was based on the scientific research methodology and indicators were compiled from observations and comparative...

In urban transit station, the use of analog CCTV surveillance system has increased to detect and prevent crimes, terrors, suicides, fires and so on. But these systems have problems that system operators have to monitor consistently the scenes in transit station and they cannot quickly cope with crimes, terrors, and fires. So, it is necessary to adopt intelligent surveillance system, which may p...

Figure 1: DBN Crime in urban areas plagues every city in all countries. This demonstration will show a novel approach for learning and predicting crime patterns and planning against such crimes using real urban crime data. A notable characteristic of urban crime, distinct from organized terrorist attacks, is that most urban crimes are opportunistic in nature, i.e., criminals do not plan their a...

In many developed countries the proportion of convicted individuals belonging to stigmatized minorities is much larger than the share of these minorities in the overall populations. We explore whether socioeconomic status may explain this overrepresentation in the criminal justice system through the analysis of individual characteristics and sentence outcomes of juveniles convicted for serious ...

nowadays, new developments in the realm of criminological studies have considerably aroused social science criminal researcher’s attention toward the other involved side, which are the very victims of such crimes. considering this, researchers have attempted to investigate, through victim-oriented approaches, the ruling condition of crime creation so that they might take sufficient measures to ...