Neuroleptics are widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia and related psychiatric disorders. Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a late complication of prolonged neuroleptic treatment. Despite much research, the pathogenesis of TD remains elusive. It may be caused by loss of dopaminergic cells, due to free radicals as a product of high synaptic dopamine levels. Tardive dyskinesia has b...

Neuroleptics are widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia and related psychiatric disorders. Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a late complication of prolonged neuroleptic treatment. Despite much research, the pathogenesis of TD remains elusive. It may be caused by loss of dopaminergic cells, due to free radicals as a product of high synaptic dopamine levels. Tardive dyskinesia has b...

      Murraya koenigii L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as curry leaf tree, closely associated with south India where the word “curry” originates from the Tamil “kari” for spiced sauces. Curry leaves are a rich source of carbazole alkaloids which possess various biological activities such as antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Curry leaf has a potential role in the treatment of diabetes....

      Murraya koenigii L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as curry leaf tree, closely associated with south India where the word “curry” originates from the Tamil “kari” for spiced sauces. Curry leaves are a rich source of carbazole alkaloids which possess various biological activities such as antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Curry leaf has a potential role in the treatment of diabetes....

Objective(s):Long-term treatment with antipsychotics causes serious side effects such as tardive dyskinesia that characterized by abnormal movements in the orofacial region. Oxidative stress in the brain specific area is implicated in the pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia. In this study the protective effect of crocin on haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia was evaluated. Materials and ...

objective(s):long-term treatment with antipsychotics causes serious side effects such as tardive dyskinesia that characterized by abnormal movements in the orofacial region. oxidative stress in the brain specific area is implicated in the pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia. in this study the protective effect of crocin on haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia was evaluated. materials and ...

Chronic treatment of humans or experimental animals with classical neuroleptic drugs can lead to abnormal, tardive movements that persist long after the drugs are withdrawn. A role in these neuroleptic-induced dyskinesias may be played by a structural change in the shell of the nucleus accumbens where the opioid peptide dynorphin is upregulated in treated rats that show vacuous chewing movement...

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotomimetic compound from Cannabis sativa that presents antipsychotic, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. In Parkinson's disease patients, CBD is able to attenuate the psychotic symptoms induced by L-DOPA and to improve quality of life. Repeated administration of reserpine in rodents induces motor impairments that are accompanied by cognit...