the aim of this study was to determine the optimal cutting cycle in an uneven-aged beech forest in the north of iran. first of all, a logistic growth model was determined for an uneven aged forest. then, the stumpage price was predicted via an autoregressive model. the average stumpage price of beech was derived from actual timber, round wood, fire and pulpwood prices at road side minus the var...

In this paper, the profile of surfaces machined using end mills with flat and ball end tools in modeled. The real kinematics of the tool motion, the static deflection and the run out of the tool are included in the model. The cutting forces are calculated using a semi-empirical method based on orthogonal to oblique conversion of cutting coefficients. The thickness of the uncut chip is used as t...

This article presents information on employment and payroll generated per unit volume of timber or wood fiber processed by the various manufacturing sectors of Montana's forest products industry for 19871989. Average employment ranged from a high of 117 workers per million cubic feet (mmcf) of wood fiber processed at house log plants, to a low of 12 workers per mmcf at stud mills. Employment-co...

Integral Mechanical Attachment (IMA) uses features in the form of components for their connection. In addition to the transfer of forces, locator features are used as integral assembly guides. Prismatic, single-degree-offreedom (1DOF) joints only allow for a single assembly motion and therefore a simple, rapid and precise assembly. In modern timber construction, such CNC-fabricated 1DOF joints ...

On 26 May 2003, intense rainfall from a series of thunderstorms in eastern North Carolina caused flooding that eventually destroyed the concrete dam in Hope Mills, draining Hope Mills Lake, and revealing a formerly submerged and buried structure that was identified as a timber crib dam. Inspection revealed these logs to be old-growth longleaf pines, which are now rare on the coastal plain lands...

Plantation forests the world over have been established in order to supply industrial mills with wood. It is estimated that by 2050, over half of the world’s requirements for industrial timber could be supplied from plantations, thus reducing the pressure on natural forests. Ensuring that the plantation, with its many stands, different planted species, terrains, etc., delivers the correct volum...

Cutting stock problems are within knapsack optimization problems and are considered as a non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP)-hard problem. In this paper, two-dimensional cutting stock problems were presented in which items and stocks were rectangular and cuttings were guillotine. First, a new, practical, rapid, and heuristic method was proposed for such problems. Then, the ...

The construction and demolition waste generation rates (C&D WGRs) is an important factor in decision-making and management of material waste in any construction site. The present study investigated WGRs by conducting on-site waste sorting and weighing in four ongoing construction projects in Shenzhen city of South China. The results revealed that WGRs ranged from 3.275 to 8.791 kg/m(2) and misc...

A working definition of non-timber value is the difference between the revenues attainable by implementing an infinite horizon timber revenue maximizing cutting rule, and the value of the observed harvest. This non-timber value was estimated for the stands of the Forest Inventory Analysis data in the maple-beech-birch type in Wisconsin. Non-timber values averaged 23 $/ha&r, and were higher than...

In this paper, two-dimensional cutting stock problem with demand has been studied.In this problem, cutting of large rectangular sheets into specific small pieces should be carried out hence, the waste will be minimized. Solving this problem is important to decrease waste materials in any industry that requires cutting of sheets. In most previus studies, the demand of pieces has not been usually...