LoRaWAN is a flagship Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology that has highly attracted much attention from the community in recent years. Many LoRaWAN end-devices, such as sensors or actuators, are expected not to be powered by the electricity grid; therefore, it is crucial to investigate the energy consumption of LoRaWAN. However, published works have only focused on this topic to a li...

in wireless sensor networks, optimal consumptionof energy and having maximum life time are important factors. in this article attempt has been made to send the data packets with particular reliability from the beginning based on aodv protocol. in this way two new fields add to the routing packets and during routing and discovering of new routes, the lowest remained energy of nodes and route tra...

by extending wireless networks and because of their different nature, some attacks appear in these networks which did not exist in wired networks. security is a serious challenge for actual implementation in wireless networks. due to lack of the fixed infrastructure and also because of security holes in routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks, these networks are not protected against attack...

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm gains more importance each day, as the number and variety connected devices grows. To answer specific needs IoT, many wireless network standards have been developed. An example is LoRaWide Area Network (LoRaWAN), which has gained popularity thanks to affordable costs its gateways, well wide range, low energy consumption flexibility. Considering challenges t...

Current <span>studies predict there will be approximately 75 billion internet of things (IoT) devices connected to the by 2025. Such enormous IoT networks require efficient communications systems support those running well. We consider one emerging technologies that is widely used for wireless wide-area network, i.e., long range (LoRa). By default, LoRa wide area networking (LoRaWAN) has ...

Long-range radio communication is preferred in many IoT deployments, as it avoids the complexity of multi-hop wireless networks. LoRa a popular, energy-efficient modulation but its networking substrate LoRaWAN introduces severe limitations to users. In this article, we present and thoroughly analyze DSME-LoRa, system design with IEEE 802.15.4 Deterministic Synchronous Multichannel Extension (DS...

New verticals within the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm such as smart cities, smart farming, or goods monitoring, among many others, are demanding strong requirements to the Radio Access Network (RAN) in terms of coverage, end-node's power consumption, and scalability. The technologies employed so far to provide IoT scenarios with connectivity, e.g., wireless sensor network and cellular tech...

Cloud Radio Access Networks (Cloud-RANs) have recently emerged as a promising architecture to meet the increasing demands and expectations of future wireless networks. Such an can enable dynamic flexible network operations address significant challenges, such higher mobile traffic volumes operation costs. However, implementation compute-intensive signal processing Network Functions (NFs) on Gen...

Achieved wireless networks since its beginning the prevalent wide due to the increasing wireless devices represented by smart phones and laptop, and the proliferation of networks coincides with the high speed and ease of use of the Internet and enjoy the delivery of various data such as video clips and games. Here's the show the congestion problem arises and represent   aim of the research is t...