Bizarre though it may now seem, in the last century a whole series of experiments was conducted that involved injecting fresh monkey blood into human volunteers or patients. The reasons, valid at the time, were either to treat neurosyphilis with a relatively benign simian malaria infection (so-called pyrogen therapy), or to establish which monkey malaria species were potential zoonotic reservoi...

one of the thinkers¨ demands for governments is to take due care of the social rights of citizens thus far. no doubt, imam `ali (a.s.), as a muslim ruler, concentrated on maintaining man¨s rights both in theory and in practice. this article refers to the relationship between the right and the duty from imam ali¨s viewpoint, studies the foundations of man¨s rights and duties and discusses imam a...

in quranic view, man is a divine viceroy on earth. he is the only creature that enjoys divine characteristics such as those of 'creation' and 'creativity'. no exerted efforts of psychologists of modes of behaviour managed to distort the special status of 'man', though he is 'weak'. 'insidious', 'greedy', 'hasty', 'unbala...

the current curriculum for both medical and engineering students does not include any serious program for research and technology development, by which capable students can become a man of research and a man with high-tech skills as soon as possible. however, there are opportunities for several good experiences in iranian universities such as “research student clubs,” [2,3] which show that ther...