This paper analyzes trends and possible future developments in global wood-product markets and discusses implications for the Swedish forest sector. Four possible futures, or scenarios, are considered, based on qualitative scenario analysis. The scenarios are distinguished principally by divergent futures with respect to two highly influential factors driving change in global wood-product marke...

 Taxation is one of the significant phenomena in any economy as it not only generates revenues for existing government, but also serves as a fiscal tool and stabilization policy. One of the main types of taxation is the petroleum tax which accounts for more than 30% of revenue for developed countries and more than 85% for developing economies. This work focuses on petroleum producing giants in ...

Global climate change increases heat loads in urban areas causing health and productivity risks for millions of people. Inhabitants in tropical and subtropical urban areas are at especial risk due to high population density, already high temperatures, and temperature increases due to climate change. Air conditioning is growing rapidly, especially in South and South-East Asia due to income growt...

Estimating the likelihood of future climate change has become a topical matter within the research community. This is the case because of the advancement of science, because of user demand and because of the central role played by climate prediction in guiding adaptation policy. But are probabilities what climate policy really needs? This article reviews three key questions: (1) Why might we (n...

The IPCC TAR (2001) suggests that Southern and Central European countries may become highly vulnerable to global warming. In the frame of the Hungarian national climate change program, adaptation of regional models with fine horizontal resolution (10-25 km) is in progress. Since detailed simulations and evaluation of the final results are not available yet for the Carpathian Basin, results of t...

Climate change and agriculture influence each other. The effects of climate change on agriculture seem to be predominantly negative, although studies show a large variation in impacts between crops and regions. To compensate for these effects, agriculture can either intensify or expand in area; both of these options increase greenhouse gas emissions. It is therefore likely that such negative ef...

The commercial apple production in Norway is limited to the small regions along fjords southwest part of country and around lakes or near sea southeast with favorable climate. Due rapid rate climate change over recent decades, it expected that suitable heat conditions for growing will expand areas were previously too cold. This study analyses suitability future (2021–2100) under RCP8.5 scenario...