Background: Artificial oocyte activation (AOA) has important implications in assisted reproductive technique (ART) with particular importance in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Parthenogenesis activation using zona- free oocytes offers an alternative model that could be applied to develop protocols for the activation of reconstructed embryos for cloning. Materials and Methods: To establis...

Background: Detection of sperm parameters based on conventional methods, immediately after thawing, have been revealed sperm capacity to in vivo and in vitro fertilization. But this evaluation is not fully reliable because of long journey of sperm during female genital tract to reach the oocyte and fertilize it. Therefore, analyzing postthawed sperm parameters after incubation is more beneficia...

Background: Pregabalin, a selective inhibitor of voltage dependent calcium channels has been used for treatment of epilepsy, fibromyalgia, generalized anxiety disorder and especially neuropathic pains. The anti-inflammatory properties of pregabalin in some pathologic conditions like orofacial pain and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice have been reported. Effectiveness of pregabalin in treatm...

Background: Optimal thawing rate is critical for quality and fertilizability of frozen -thawed spermatozoa. Kinetic parameters are the most important factors which are affected by thawing rate so, that have close relation between kinetic parameters and fertility of the spermatozoa. Tris - egg yolk have been widely used for cryopreservation of the buffalo and other species semen. According to ou...

Background: in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes has increasing potential applications in assisted reproductive technology (ART), during which germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes cultured in vitro to produce mature (MII arrested) ones. Although functional, IVM oocytes have low developmental competence compared to in vivo matured oocytes; possibly because IVM comprises asynchrony between nuclear and c...

Background: There is a general deterioration in sperm quality depending on time postmortem. Refrigeration of the epididymes down to around 5°C is the best strategy to lower this damage and there are many dissim ilarities between species, possibly due to differences on cold shock endurance of epididymal sperm. Our objective was to determine the effect of 5°C and 37°C on goat epididymal sperms mo...