Introduction: Radiation therapy (RT) is the gold standard treatment for more than half of known tumors. There is increasing evidence that combining radiation therapy with a radiosensitizer can enhance the efficiency of this treatment modality. A radiosensitizer preferably enhances dose at the site of tumor and increases discrimination between tumor and normal surrounding tissue...

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that a Monte Carlo method for the transportations photon beam in medical linear accelerator is a good way. Strip of simulation can be used to measure the dose distribution in phantoms and patients' body. EGSnrc Code is the only code written for use in the field of radiation therapy that has many subset codes that BEAMnrc code is an impo...

Introduction: Wedge filters are commonly used in radiation oncology for eliminating hot spots and creating a uniform dose distribution in optimizing isodose curves in the target volume for clinical aspects. These are some limited standard physical wedges (15°, 30°, 45°, 60°), or creating an arbitrary wedge angle, like motorized wedge or dynamic wedge, ... The new formulation is...

Introduction: The ultimate goal of radiation treatment planning is to yield a high tumor control probability (TCP) with a low normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). Historically  dose volume histogram (DVH) with only volumetric dose distribution was utilized as a popular tool for plan evaluation  hence present study aimed to compare the radiobiological effectiveness of the cobalt-60 (Co...

PURPOSE Dose volume histograms (DVHs) are common tools in radiation therapy treatment planning to characterize plan quality. As statistical metrics, DVHs provide a compact summary of the underlying plan at the cost of losing spatial information: the same or similar dose-volume histograms can arise from substantially different spatial dose maps. This is exactly the reason why physicians and phys...

Background: Tangential irradiation of intact breast is one of the most common procedures performed in any radiotherapy center. This method is performed by using 2D and 3D treatment planning. The aim of this study was to compare 2D with 3D plans in breast conserving radiotherapy. Homogeneity of isodose, and lung received dose were compared. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with br...

Introduction: The head scatter factor (Sc) is one of the important parameters for monitor unit (MU) calculation. There are multiple factors that impact the Sc values, such as, head structures, back scattering in to dose monitoring chambers, wedges and so on. This study aimed to investigate the variations of SC with different build-up cap materials, wall thickness, Source to ...