this paper presents a new mathematical model for a bi-objective job shop scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times that minimizes the weighted mean completion time and the weighted mean tardiness time. for solving this multi-objective model, we develop a fuzzy multi-objective linear programming (fmolp) model. in this problem, a proposed fmolp method is applied with respect to the o...

201 Modern society has placed a high premium on good health, a lean body, and comeliness. As a nation we eat better, exercise more, and seek a healthier lifestyle to achieve physical well being. A national consensus seems to exist that a well-proportioned body is a thing of beauty. It is no wonder, therefore, that obesity, a caricature of the beautiful body, has been responsible for ridicule an...

Background Patient satisfaction with postoperative pain management is an important quality indicator in patient health care, but its determinants are poorly understood. Here, we examined the contribution of the discrepancy between an individual's estimated acceptable and actual postoperative pain scores to the overall satisfaction with pain treatment. Findings A total of 93 surgical patients ...

The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure were originally based upon a straightforward model of adjudication: Resolve the merits of cases at trial and use pretrial procedures to facilitate accurate trial outcomes. Though appealing in principle, this model has little relevance today. As is now well known, the endpoint around which the Federal Rules were structured—trial—virtually never occurs. Today,...

Acceptable logic programs have been studied extensively in the context of proving termination of Prolog programs. It is diicult, however, to establish acceptability from the deenition since this depends on nding a suitable model, which need not be a Herbrand model in general, together with a suitable level mapping that one can use to check the conditions which characterize acceptability. In thi...

Some sea urchins, including the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, have been successfully used in aquaculture, but their slow growth and late reproduction are challenging to overcome when developing efficient aquaculture production techniques. S. purpuratus develops via an indirect life history that is characterized by a drastic settlement process at the end of a larval period tha...

Roughly three decades ago, the political dimensions of decision making about the technological hazards embedded in contemporary societies became publicly visible, provoking the emergence of a new politics of risk. Public controversies about what constituted “acceptable risk,” and who should decide and how, proliferated in a wide range of technical domains. Social movements challenged expert def...

Methods to improve bearing capacity of footing resting of collapsing soil can, in fact, take two approaches, improving soil strength properties and intrusion of reinforcing sorces into soil. The footing is modeled by a square steel plate 0.1 by 0.1 m. The footing is loaded as to have a stress of 40 kPa and settlement is receded in dry and in soaking conditions. Two depths of the geo-mesh reinfo...

The barnacle Balanus ( = Amphibalanus) amphitrite is a major marine fouling animal. Understanding the molecular mechanism of larval settlement in this species is critical for anti-fouling research. In this study, we cloned one isoform of p38 MAPK (Bar-p38 MAPK) from this species, which shares the significant characteristic of containing a TGY motif with other species such as yeast, Drosophila a...

This study focuses on how founding institutions impact intraorganizational capabilities and how such imprints may have different external manifestations in subsequent historical eras. We introduce the concept of exaptation to organizational theory, identifying an important process whereby the historical origin of a capability differs from its current usefulness. Three founding conditions—branch...