Methods combining immunology and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) have been developed for the simultaneous detection, identification, and localization of proteinaceous binding media found in artworks. However, complex surface topographies and heterogeneous compositions of art samples represent significant challenges for the general optimization of this technique. In particular, aggregat...

Background: Awareness on human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) can help reduce the risk of contracting this public health important disease and associated burdens. However, today’s adolescent grows up surrounded by mixed messages about HIV/AIDS. Objectives: To assess awareness on HIV/AIDS among adolescent students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was co...

Epigenetic processes are the main conductors of phenotypic variation in eukaryotes. The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum employs antigenic variation of the major surface antigen PfEMP1, encoded by 60 var genes, to evade acquired immune responses. Antigenic variation of PfEMP1 occurs through in situ switches in mono-allelic var gene transcription, which is PfSIR2-dependent and associated w...

Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder caused by defects in SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a-like 1 gene (SMARCAL1). SMARCAL1 product is a helicase that has role in selective cellular proliferation. The disorder is characterized by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with short stature, nephropathy, T cell ...

In this study, we present a new technique called correlative atomic force and transmission electron microscopy (correlative AFM/TEM) in which a targeted region of a sample can be observed under AFM and TEM. The ultimate goal of developing this new technique is to provide a technical platform to expand the fields of AFM application to complex biological systems such as cell extracts. Recent adva...

Selection of the right drug for the right patient is a promising approach to increase clinical benefit of targeted therapy with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Assessment of in vivo biodistribution and tumor targeting of mAbs to predict toxicity and efficacy is expected to guide individualized treatment and drug development. Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) using zirconiu...

the chick model is a useful research tool to investigate the development of the enteric nervous system (ens). recognition of appropriate markers for detection of chick enteric ganglia will allow better utilization of this model to study abnormalities of the ens. this study aimed to validate a set of antibodies for avian ens studies on wax sections. the specimens were taken from jejunum and colo...