This review focuses on the interrelationship between ageing and autophagy. There is a striking similarity between the signalling aspects of these two processes. Both ageing and autophagy involve several of the signalling components such as insulin/IGF-1, AMPK, Ras-cAMP-PKA, Sch9 and mTOR. Ageing and ageing-mediated defective autophagy involve accumulation of lipofuscin. Components of anti-agein...

Ageing is a process that gradually increases the organism's vulnerability to death. It affects different biological pathways, and the underlying cellular mechanisms are complex. In view of the growing disease burden of ageing populations, increasing efforts are being invested in understanding the pathways and mechanisms of ageing. We review some mouse models commonly used in studies on ageing, ...

High-throughput genomic and proteomic technologies have generated a wealth of publicly available data on ageing. Easy access to these data, and their computational analysis, is of great importance in order to pinpoint the causes and effects of ageing. Here, we provide a description of the existing databases and computational tools on ageing that are available for researchers. We also describe t...

In this paper, we present a comparative study that focus on Supercapacitor (SC) thermal cycling and calendar ageing under constant voltage tests. The impacts of cycling temperature on SC performance and degradation rate are studied. Obtained results from thermal cycling ageing test are compared with those coming from simple calendar ageing test at constant voltage and constant temperature. The ...

Arterial ageing is characterized by age associated degeneration and sclerosis of the media layer of the large arteries. However, besides ageing, clinical conditions, which enhance oxidative stress and inflammation act to accelerate the degree of arterial ageing. In this review, we summarized the pathophysiology and contributing factors that accelerate arterial ageing. Among them, we focused on ...

Background Ageing has become a serious challenge in Hong Kong and globally. It has serious implications for health expenditure, which accounts for nearly 20% of overall government expenditure. Here we assess the contribution of ageing and related factors to hospitalisation days in Hong Kong. We used hospital discharge data from all publicly funded hospitals in Hong Kong between 2001 and 2012.  ...

Until recently the biology of ageing, like that of consciousness, seemed an unassailable topic. Ageing was to biologists an intractable labyrinth of diverse deteriorative processes within which primary causes were impossible to locate. But around 15 years ago, discoveries in the genetics of ageing initiated a startling forward march in biogerontology (the study of the biology of ageing). In par...

Most real systems are very complex and it is difficult to analyze and to improve their reliability. Large numbers of components and subsystems and their operating complexity cause that the evaluation of their reliability is complicated. As a rule these are series systems, parallel systems or “m out of n” systems composed of a large number of components. One of the important techniques for relia...

We compare conventional multiple-choice tests with so-called “liberal” multiple-choice tests, also known as “free-choice” tests, from a theoretical standpoint. The style of the questions is identical in these two alternative test formats, but in a liberal/free-choice test candidates may select as many options per question as they wish; the marking scheme penalises incorrect selections via negat...

Artificial neural networks are becoming increasingly popular as predictive statistical tools in ecosystem ecology and as models of signal processing in behavioural and evolutionary ecology. We demonstrate here that a commonly used network in ecology, the three-layer feed-forward network, trained with the backpropagation algorithm, can be extremely sensitive to the stochastic variation in traini...