patriotism and nationalism make up the two sides of the spectrum of national attachment; but with different meanings, tendencies, and outcomes. this article, based on the current theories about national attachment, tries to study this subject from a different point of view. the main goal of this article is to explain national attachment in the context of the positive feeling of people toward th...

Abstract This article argues that Ronsard’s Hymnes (1555–56) offer an ironic reading of ghost figures and the fear daimons. Through various strategies aim to create a form complicity with reader, challenge seriousness ghosts by mocking they induce. Throughout Hymnes, which double (a cryptic one, be understood only few, explicitly allegorical one), poet pokes fun at supposed power ghostly demoni...

stanley g. weinbaum was one of the american science fiction writers of the 1920s and 1930s who anticipated virtual reality early in the development of the genre in the united states. the machine in weinbaum’s science fiction plays a crucial role in the production of virtual space and time. not only does weinbaum’s gadgetry function within the domain of spatial alterity, but they also provide te...

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utopian literature, in terms of content, includes the dream of a world with better and ideal conditions or an image of favorable and yet abstract (nowhere) world. based on a single main motivation, nostalgia and the desire to return to eternal origin and due to the intellectual paradigms form them, this genre has formed certain structures. from the perspective of realizing the origin and having...