The efflux of salt from human red blood cells suspended in isotonic sucrose plus low concentrations of salt, was measured under steady-state conditions. The relationship between the efflux and the log of the salt concentration can be fitted by two straight lines with a sharp inflection point, the steeper slope occurring at concentrations below 0.2 mM NaCl. The determining factor in the rate of ...

A novel strategy for tailoring the adsorption and structural properties of ionic liquid derived carbons has been developed. By changing the carbonization temperature and ratios of ionic liquids (ILs) containing a cross-linkable anion, such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide [BMIm][C(CN)(3)] and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate [EMIm][B(CN)(4)], boron and nitrogen-rich ...

The mechanism of sulfate adsorption on goethite was investigated in situ using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Sulfate adsorption was investigated at ionic strengths between 0.005 and 0.1 M, reactant concentrations between 5 and 500 µM, and pH values between 3.5 and 9.0. It was determined that sulfate forms both outer-sphere and inner-sphere surf...

Humic substances are increasingly used as biostimulants in agriculture because of their supposed effects on nutrient uptake and crop yield. The objective this study was to assess the effect fulvic acid (FA) humic (HA) addition with without fertilization (N, P, K, S, Ca) (i) grass yield (Poa trivialis) (ii) composition soil porewater 0.01 M CaCl2 extracts. Therefore, a pot experiment performed u...

We present an experimental study of the effect of pH, ionic strength, and concentrations of the electroosmotic flow (EOF)-suppressing polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on the electrophoretic mobilities of commonly used fluorescent dyes (fluorescein, Rhodamine 6G, and Alexa Fluor 488). We performed on-chip capillary zone electrophoresis experiments to directly quantify the effective electrophor...

Acid-base data for oxide minerals are fundamental building blocks for adsorption models. Although the influence of impurities is often discussed in a qualitative way, a quantitative analysis is largely missing. A notable exception is the discussion of the possible effect of surface impurities on the results of mass titrations. In the present contribution potential contaminations are discussed i...

Hyaluronan-binding protein 1 (HABP1) is a trimeric protein with high negative charges distributed asymmetrically along the faces of the molecule. Recently, we have reported that HABP1 exhibits a high degree of structural flexibility, which can be perturbed by ions under in vitro conditions near physiological pH (Jha, B. K., Salunke, D. M., and Datta, K. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 27464-27472). ...

GTP cyclohydrolase and a stimulating protein were purified from extracts of Comomonas sp. (ATCC 11299a). The enzyme, designated Fraction A, catalyzed the production of formic acid and a dihydropteridine (PLOWNAN, J., CONE, J. E., AND GUROFF, G. (19’74) J. Biol. Chem. 249, 5559~5564) from GTP. No cofactors or metals were required for the reaction. Fraction A can exist in two molecular weight for...

Inorganic-salt-induced morphological evolution of GdF3 crystals was demonstrated for the first time in a mild hydrothermal process. By varying the amount of inorganic salt, the GdF3 crystals could transform from uniform elliptic nanostructures to submicroplates. The increase of ionic strength, hindered diffusion of reactant ions, and selectively adsorption of barium cations were responsible for...