Addition of the plant phenolic flavonoid (+)-catechin to rat liver microsomes inhibited the mutagenicity of the aromatic amines 2-aminofluorene and 4-aminobiphenyl in the Ames test. Similarly, (+)-catechin decreased the mutagenicity of N-hydroxy-4-amino-biphenyl, the proximate carcinogen, but, in contrast, had no effect on the mutagenicity of other direct-acting carcinogens such as N-methyl-N'-...

Objective: Nitroaromatic compounds are important industrial chemicals widely used in the synthesis of many diverse products including drugs, dyes, polymers, pesticides and explosives. However, the mutagenicity associated with nitroaromatic compounds is a toxicological feature which poses great concern. On the other hand, there are successful examples of non-mutagenic nitroaromatic molecules; in...

In this study, we investigate the potential of Moricandia arvensis methanol leaf extract (MeOHL) on calpain activity, melanin biosynthesis and DNA mutagenicity. Cytotoxic effect and measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by lucigenin in colorectal cells (BE) were also determined. In addition the chemical analysis of the extract was also studied and the chemical profile illustrates...

A Phase II chemoprevention trial was carried out in Qidong, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. The recruited subjects, all of whom were positive for serum aflatoxin-albumin adducts, were divided into three treatment arms: placebo; oltipraz ([5-(2-pyrazinyl)-4-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione]) given daily at 125 mg p.o.; and oltipraz given once per week at 500 mg p.o. Besides biomarkers r...

The public has recently raised concerns regarding potential human health and environmental risks associated with tire crumb constituents in the artificial turf of football fields. The aim of the present study was to develop an environmental analysis drawing a comparison between artificial turf football fields and urban areas relative to concentrations of particles (PM10 and PM2.5) and related p...

4-Nitrostilbene and twelve of its derivatives (eleven E-stilbenes and two Z-stilbenes) were examined for possible quantitative structure-activity relationships of their in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity. Relative mutagenicity was studied with and without S9 activation in Salmonella strains TA98 and TA100, as well as in the nitroreductase deficient strains TA98/NR and TA100/NR. Chromosomal aberr...

We describe the use of pattern recognition and multivariate regression in the assessment of complex mixtures by correlating chemical fingerprints to the mutagenicity of the mixtures. Mixtures were 20 organic extracts of exhaust particles, each containing 102-170 individual compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs, oxy-PAHs, and saturated hydrocarbons. Mixtures were ...