Objectives: We investigated the developmental origins of fear of failure (FF) in adolescent athletes by examining how parental sport socialization practices in daily parentechild interaction contribute to the development of FF in the child-athlete. Method: Three intact families of adolescent athletes (ages 13e14 years) participated in the study; three athletes and six parents. Each mother, fath...

OBJECTIVES To compare the self-reported health of extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1 kg) adolescents with that of normal birth weight (NBW) controls and the children's assessments of their general health at ages 8 versus 14 years. METHODS One hundred sixty-eight ELBW children and 115 NBW controls of similar gender and sociodemographic status completed the Child Health and Illness Profile-Ad...

Social factors are often associated with the development or maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the aftermath of interpersonal traumas. However, social problem solving strategies have received little attention. The current study explored the role of social problem solving styles (i.e., rational approaches, impulsive/careless strategies, or avoidance strategies) as intermediar...

It is known that the students' attitudes toward e-learning are an important factor in achieving targeted learning achievement. The aim of study was to determine relationship between and academic achievements first-year nursing students during COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional correlational conducted with a total 135 at Department Nursing Faculty Health Sciences Turkey. mean score NSs' gen...

A study examined two factorsthought to affect' an individuales preference for confrontation or avoidance gtrategies when ending a relationship -communicator agb and sex .:ole _orientation. Subjects were 29 fifth grade students, 64.bigh school sophomores, 43 college students, and 37 adults enrolled in a'night class. All subjects read a scenario from the Friendship Survey entitled "Letting .SoPeo...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) awareness and healthy behaviors is unknown. We examined whether CKD self-recognition is associated with healthy behaviors and achieving risk-reduction targets known to decrease risk of cardiovascular morbidity and CKD progression. METHODS CKD awareness, defined as a 'yes' response to 'Has a doctor or other health professiona...

Autonomous decision-making for ships to avoid collision is core the autonomous navigation of intelligent ships. In recent years, related research has shown explosive growth. However, owing complex constraints environments, Convention International Regulations Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs), and underactuated characteristics ships, it extremely challenging design a algorithm avoida...

We show that when a meaningful proportion of firms in an economy engage in tax avoidance strategies, the covariance between a firm’s cash flow and the market cash flows increases, thereby increasing a firm’s cost of capital. This negative externality is imposed on all firms in the economy, not just tax-avoiding firms. The negative externality results regardless of the level of uncertainty assoc...