Jamming attacks, which are the main cause of data corruption and network blockages in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), are one of the most serious threats for WSNs. This type of attack not only blocks the ongoing communication in the network, but also causes the wireless nodes to exhaust their energy much earlier than expected. A countermeasure must be deployed against jamming attacks, especial...

In last few decades, there has been a wide demand of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in extensive mission critical applications such as monitoring, industrial control, military, health and many more. The larger demand of WSN in mission critical applications makes it more prone towards malicious users who are trying to invade. These security assaults worsen the performance of WSN in large extent...

Because of the proliferation of wireless technologies, jamming in wireless networks has become a major research problem due to the ease in blocking communication in wireless networks. Jamming attacks are a subset of denial of service (DoS) attacks in which malicious nodes block legitimate communication by causing intentional interference in networks. To better understand this problem, we need t...

This paper presents a new architecture in soft robotics that utilizes particulate jamming technology. A novel concept of actuation is described that utilizes jamming technology to modulate the direction and magnitude of the work performed by a single central actuator. Jamming “activators” modulate work by jamming and unjamming (solidifying and liquifying) a granular medium coupled to a core act...

Considering the difficulty of receiving small signals under strong electromagnetic jamming, this paper proposes a small-signal anti-jamming scheme based on single dynamic metamaterial antenna (DMA). Our uses dynamic-adjustable characteristics DMA to perform spatial filtering at radio frequency (RF) front-end, suppress jamming in advance and improve receiver’s ability receive demodulate signals....

A known jamming state information (JSI) scheme for a coded frequency-hopped M-ary frequency-shift-keying (FH/MFSK) system under partial-band noise jamming, plus additive white Gaussian noise, utilizes the maximum a posteriori (MAP) rule based on the total energy received in the M-tone signaling bands. It is assumed that the knowledge of partial-band noise jamming fraction is available to the JS...

Today’s trend of migrating radio devices from hardware to software provides potentials to create flexible applications for both commercial and military use. However, this raises security concerns, as malicious attacks can also be alleviated to break legitimate communications. In this research work, we study and build practical systems to mitigate the impact of some serious jamming threats: high...

Reading comprehension has recently been reconceptualized in EFL reading instruction to foreground the importance of putting a social perspective on learning. Developed as a crucial aspect of Vygotskian sociocultural theory, activity theory views reading as a socially-mediated activity, for which the prerequisite cognitive processes are distributed among teacher, individual reader, other student...