There is a large literature suggesting that "WIC works" to improve birth outcomes. However, methodological limitations related to selection into the WIC program have left room for doubt about this conclusion. This paper uses birth records from New York City to address some limitations of the previous literature. We estimate models with mother fixed effects to control for fixed characteristics o...

Drawing on Language Expectancy Theory and Extended Parallel Process Model, the study aims to explore difference between anti- pro-birth control information available online by comparing word usage, sentiments popularity of headlines snippets returned Google Search engine. Findings indicated that anti-birth entries used more emotional words, especially those communicating fear. Headlines with wo...

Background: The weight of fetus at birth is widely acceptable parameter that can demonstrate the health of mother. Low birth weight (LBW) (birth weight less than 2500g) is significantly related to the neonatal survival and postnatal morbidity. Adolescence pregnancy is an important risk factor of LBW. The main objective of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence of LBW and relations...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes infant fulminant hepatitis (IFH), and chronic HBV infection may progress to chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tai-wan launched a nationwide HBV immunization program for newborns in July 1984, 1 which has successfully lowered the prevalence of chronic HBV carriers, incidence of HCC, and mortality of IFH in vaccinated birth co...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide. GDM and the risks associated with GDM lead to increased health care costs and losses in productivity. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether the FitFor2 exercise program during pregnancy is cost-effective from a societal perspective as compared to standard care. METHODS A randomised controlle...

Vertical Transmission of hepatitis B virus is a major route through which children acquire Hepatitis B infection. Only 10 out of 47 countries in Africa, and none from East Africa; have implemented the WHO recommendation of introducing a birth-dose of hepatitis B vaccine in their EPI program. This article therefore examines the challenges as well as the opportunities that exists for the introduc...

Since implementation of the first statewide Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) in Vermont in 1974 (1), disadvantaged pregnant women and young children have been eligible for food supplements and other nutritional services. Nearly 50% of all women in the nation who give birth now receive support from the WIC program. The intention of the federal program ...