This paper is treated with major risks applied by lightning strikes to wind farms. The risks illustrated in this research include overvoltage caused by direct and indirect effects of lightning strikes on any components of wind farm. As demands for electrical energy throughout our world is increased more and more nowadays, wind power plants are extended in every possible locations correspondingl...

according to webster and wind (1972) and anderson et al (1987), “organizational buying is a complex process and involves many people from different functional areas, multiple goals and potentially conflicting decision criteria. moreover, the customers of today are also more knowledgeable and selective when making their purchasing decisions. since a key to organizational survival is the retentio...

Vegetation is one of the most important physical properties of the earth's surface that plays an important role in reducing the occurrence of wind erosion and reducing dust particulate matter emissions, especially in arid and semiarid regions. The extent of development or destruction of vegetation in an area is usually affected by climate change at different times. This study aimed to investiga...

there are many approaches for solving variety combinatorial optimization problems (np-compelete) that devided to exact solutions and approximate solutions. exact methods can only be used for very small size instances due to their expontional search space. for real-world problems, we have to employ approximate methods such as evolutionary algorithms (eas) that find a near-optimal solution in a r...

The goal of this study was to simulate the wave characteristics in the south of Persian Gulf over a 60 year period. Wind data from the study area including offshore measurement, satellite observation and numerical atmospheric models were collated and analyzed. The modified NCEP/NCAR wind field was chosen as input to the SWAN model which has the longest duration among wind data sources. SWAN mod...