materials and methods: one hundred and thirty five mesial root canals of mandibular first and second molar teeth were selected. access cavities were prepared. after inserting a k-file size #10 into each canal, radiographs were taken. canal curvature was determined by measuring the schneider angle, canal access angle, as well as the canal radius, length, height and curvature starting distance on...

the aim of this study was to introduce modified continuous wave compaction (mcwc) technique and compare its obturation quality with that of lateral compaction (lc), warm vertical compaction (wvc) and continuous wave compaction techniques (cwc). the obturation time was also compared among the four techniques.sixty-four single-rooted teeth with 0-5° root canal curve and 64 artificially created ro...

Abstract Lubricants for stern tube systems are subject to increasingly stringent requirements in terms of environmental compatibility, as any lubricant leakage leads contamination the sea. As a result, interest environmentally acceptable lubricants (EALs) is increasing. Biodegradable ester represent possible alternative conventional, mineral oil-based lubricants. In addition compatibility requi...

Traumatic spinal cord injury is one of the important causes of disability.in some of vertebral fractures,spinal canal is deformed and compromised.the relationship between the shape of the cervical canal and spinal cord hnjury has been proved but such a correlation for thoraculombar spine 50 patients with compromised canal(cases) and 50 oatients with intact canal were evaluated in the light of s...

INTRODUCTION Free or low-cost HIV testing, condoms, and lubricants are foundational HIV prevention strategies, yet are often inaccessible for men who have sex with men (MSM). In the global context of stigma and poor healthcare access, transgender (trans) MSM may face additional barriers to HIV prevention services. Drawing on data from a global survey of MSM, we aimed to describe perceived acces...