The Geographic Accessibility of Child Care Subsidies and Evidence on the Impact of Subsidy Receipt on Childhood Obesity This paper examines the impact of the spatial accessibility of public human services agencies on the likelihood of receiving a child care subsidy among disadvantaged mothers with young children. In particular, we collect data on the location of virtually every human services a...

S upply disruptions are all too common in supply chains. To mitigate delivery risk, buyers may either source from multiple suppliers or offer incentives to their preferred supplier to improve its process reliability. These incentives can be either direct (investment subsidy) or indirect (inflated order quantity). In this study, we present a series of models to highlight buyers’ and suppliers’ o...

How effective are governmental incentives to achieve widespread vaccination coverage so as to prevent epidemic outbreak? The answer largely depends on the complex interplay among the type of incentive, individual behavioral responses, and the intrinsic epidemic dynamics. By incorporating evolutionary games into epidemic dynamics, we investigate the effects of two types of incentives strategies:...

Abstract: The agriculture industry plays a critical role in the U.S. economy and various industry sectors depend on the output of farms. A salient challenge in farming is uncertainty in the farm yield, which depends on the weather conditions (and other unpredictable factors) during the growing season and impacts farmers' profit. To protect and raise farmers' income, the U.S. government offers t...

background: theoretically, a vital factor in development has been the resilience and strength of socio-economic system to confront instabilities and crises. the precaution, however, is that an error might be committed, where, instead of finding the root causes of diseases we are mobilizing the forces to confront the signs of illness, leaving the diseases to grow and damage the lesser developed ...

Cash takeover bids financed from internally generated cash reserves could be a function of capital market imperfections (Myers and Majluf 1984) or symptomatic of “free-cash-flow” problems (Jensen 1986, 1988). We find that bids financed from cash reserves outperform those that use debt financing. Further, ‘free cash flow’ firms outperform ‘non-free cash flow’ firms. The majority of cash bids are...

This article describes an expert system for cash flow analysis called CFA--Cash Flow Analyzer. which uses knowledge based on ratio analysis and the budgetary statement of changes in cash flow. The system uses "If ••• Then ••• " rules to capture the expertise necessary to diagnose the source of cash flow problems and make recommendations on how to mitigate those problems. 1. AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR...

Cash-flow Notation: We use (c0, c1, . . . , ci, . . . , cn) to denote the series of cash-flows where ci is received at time t = i . The length of a period, i.e. the interval of time between t = i and t = i + 1, will usually be understood from the context. Negative cash-flows refer to cash payments. The initial cash-flow, c0, will often be negative while the remaining cash-flows are positive. Th...

in this study, a model of optimal allocation of subsidy was developed based on the microeconomic optimization theory. the model was evaluated by applying to premium subsidy allocation to the cereal crops’ (corn, rain fed barley and wheat, and irrigated barley and wheat) insurance in iran. in developing the model, it was assumed that, policymaker on behalf of society, follows a social utility ma...