Introduction: Chemokine receptors are found on the surface of stem cells. There have been 19 distinct chemokine receptors described in mammals. Chemokines are major players in migration and homing. Therefore, changes in their levels or function can help us to increase the migratory potential of these cells. Valproic acid differs in structure from other drugs in common use. The way in which Va...

The Gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus sp. str. FPU-7 effectively hydrolyzes chitin by using a number of chitinases. A unique chitinase with two catalytic domains, ChiW, is expressed on the cell surface of this bacterium and has high activity towards various chitins, even crystalline chitin. Here, the crystal structure of ChiW at 2.1 Å resolution is presented and describes how the enzyme deg...

In a polymer membrane fuel cell more than half of the chemical energy of hydrogen is converted to heat during generation of electricity. This causes an increase in the cell temperature. The Cooling field design has a significant role in cell cooling. The cell's performance and stability are reduced due to inappropriate heat dissipation. In this paper, the cooling flow and heat transfer in cooli...

Cancer is now a global concern, and control of the function of cancer cells is recognized as an important challenge. Although many aggressive chemical and radiation methods are in practice to eliminate cancer cells, most imply severe adverse toxic effects on patients. Taking advantage of natural physical differences between cancer and normal cells might benefit the patient with more specific cy...

Antigenic variation of major surface proteins is considered an immune-evasive maneuver used by pathogens as divergent as bacteria and protozoa. Likewise, major surface protein 2 (Msp2) of the tick-borne pathogen, Anaplasma marginale, is thought to be involved in antigenic variation to evade the mammalian host immune response. However, this dynamic process also works in the tick vector in the ab...

in this investigation, ag@tio2 nanocomposite was prepared by deposition of silver nanoclusters onto commercial tio2 nanoparticles (known as p25 tio2) via photodeposition technique as clean and simple photochemical route. the synthesized ag@tio2 nanocomposite was utilized in the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cell (dssc) chiefly because, compared to pure tio2, the electron affinity of ag@ti...

Objective(s): Development of molecules that specifically recognize cancer cells is one of the major areas in cancer research. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is specifically expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells. HER2 is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. In this study we aimed to isolate RNA aptamers that specifically bind to HER2 overexpressi...

Cancer is now a global concern, and control of the function of cancer cells is recognized as an important challenge. Although many aggressive chemical and radiation methods are in practice to eliminate cancer cells, most imply severe adverse toxic effects on patients. Taking advantage of natural physical differences between cancer and normal cells might benefit the patient with more specific cy...

Surface proteins of Gram-positive bacteria play important roles during the pathogenesis of human infections and require sortase for anchoring to the cell-wall envelope. Sortase cleaves surface proteins at the LPXTG motif and catalyzes the formation of an amide bond between the carboxyl group of threonine (T) and the amino group of cell-wall crossbridges. The NMR structure of sortase reveals a u...