Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders. Cognitive dysfunction is considered a clinical marker of MS, where approximately half of patients with MS have cognitive impairment. Objective The Phototest (PT) is a brief cognitive test with high diagnostic sensitivity, accuracy and cost-effectiveness for detecting cognitive deterioration. Our aim was to test the util...

OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to analyze a possible association between cognitive functions and level of prolactin in menopausal women with different polymorphisms of apolipoprotein E gene (APOE). The examined population included women from the south-eastern part of Poland; aged 50-65 years; at least 2 years after their last menstruation; in good health; with at least primary educati...

OBJECTIVE To validate the Hong Kong version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (HK-MoCA) in identification of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in Chinese older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Cognition clinic and memory clinic of a public hospital in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS A total of 272 participants (dementia, n=130; mild cognitive impairment, n=93; normal controls, n=...

INTRODUCTION The added diagnostic value of (11)C-PiB-PET for the assessment of the accumulation of cortical beta-amyloid in memory clinic patients with uncertain diagnosis remains undetermined. METHODS All patients who underwent PiB-PET at the Copenhagen Memory Clinic between March 2008 and November 2011 were included in this uncontrolled, retrospective study. The standard diagnostic evaluati...

OBJECTIVE Disorders of executive functions are among the most frequent cognitive deficits, but they remain poorly defined and are subject to heterogeneous assessment. To address this major issue, the Groupe de Réflexion sur l'Evaluation des Fonctions Exécutives (GREFEX) group has proposed criteria for behavioral and cognitive dysexecutive syndromes and has designed a battery including a specifi...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the extent to which children with ADHD in various medication statuses (i.e., medication naïve, pure stimulant, stimulant plus another medication, nonstimulants) varied on cognitive or academic, behavioral, and social functioning during a psychoeducational assessment battery. METHOD Participants for this study consisted of 66 children (20 girls) with a Diagnostic and S...

OBJECTIVE To delineate the trajectories of Aβ42 level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), fludeoxyglucose F18 (FDG) uptake using positron emission tomography, and hippocampal volume using magnetic resonance imaging and their relative associations with cognitive change at different stages in aging and Alzheimer disease (AD). DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING The 59 study sites for the Alzheimer's Disea...

echocardiography is considered the primary diagnostic tool for congenital heart diseases. the pediatric echocardiography diagnostic errors, consisting of false positive or discrepant diagnoses, picked up within a 2.5-year period in our pediatric echocardiography laboratory are presented herein. in this case report, the factors contributing to the diagnostic errors are categorized as cognitive s...