Standard treatment for colorectal cancer includes surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Conventional chemotherapeutic agents used in such as 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine which is oral form of irinotecan, oxaliplatin. One the major challenges chemotherapy considered drug resistance. Drug resistance occurs many different mechanisms alteration tumor microenvironment, growth kinetics, genetic va...

BACKGROUND Combination therapy with infliximab (IFX) and azathioprine (AZA) is significantly more effective for treatment of active Crohn's disease (CD) than IFX monotherapy. However, AZA is associated with an increased risk of lymphoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. AIM To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of combination therapy with IFX plus AZA for drug-refractory CD. METHODS...

Introduction: Diabetes, a chronic disorder and requires life-long treatment. Cost of drug treatment is a major hurdle related to medication compliance in Type2 Diabetes Mellitus. Objective: To compare the cost and percentage price variation of single and combination therapy of oral hypoglycaemic agents across the different brands available in the Indian market. Methods: India’s medical research...

Within the past few decades, drug combination therapy has been intensively studied in oncology and other complex disease areas, especially during the early drug discovery stage, as drug combinations have the potential to improve treatment response, minimize development of resistance or minimize adverse events. In the present, designing combination trials relies mainly on clinical and empirical ...

Prostate cancer can be lethal in advanced stages, for which chemotherapy may become the only viable therapeutic option. While there is no clear clinical management strategy fitting all patients, cytotoxic with docetaxel currently regarded as gold standard. However, tumors regain activity after treatment conclusion and resistant to docetaxel. This situation calls new delivery strategies drug com...

The goal of antihypertensive therapy is to abolish the risks associated with blood pressure (BP) elevation without adversely affecting quality of life. Drug selection is based on efficacy in lowering BP and in reducing cardiovascular (CV) end points including stroke, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Although the choice of initial drug therapy exerts some effect on long-term outcomes, i...

objective(s): chemoresistance remains the main causes of treatment failure and mortality in cancer patients. there is an urgent need to investigate novel approaches to improve current therapeutic modalities and increase cancer patients' survival. induction of drug efflux due to overexpression of                  p-glycoproteins is considered as an important leading cause of multidrug resis...

Combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection has resulted in profound reductions in viremia and is associated with marked improvements in morbidity and mortality. Therapy is not curative, however, and prolonged therapy is complicated by drug toxicity and the emergence of drug resistance. Management of clinical drug resistance requires in depth evaluation, and includes extensive histor...

background and objectives: kerman province, especially city of bam in the southeast part of iran, is epidemics for dry type cutaneous leishmaniasis (dtcl). this study was conducted to compare the effect of different treatments on parasite dna load following therapies using real-time pcr method. materials and methods: fifteen patients were divided into three groups under therapy with intralesio...