It has been argued that transaction trust is composed of party trust and control trust. In this paper we study control trust: trust in an institution that has set up a control mechanism. We present an account of control mechanisms using normative multiagent systems. Control mechanisms consist of constitutive norms which define evidential documents, and regulative norms which define violation co...

In a supplier-retailer-buyer supply chain, the supplier frequently offers the retailer a trade credit of  periods, and the retailer in turn provides a trade credit of  periods to her/his buyer to stimulate sales and reduce inventory. From the seller’s perspective, granting trade credit increases sales and revenue but also increases opportunity cost (i.e., the capital opportunity loss during cre...

Without denying the importance of asymmetric information, this article purports the view that credit rationing may also originate from a lender’s inability to classify loan applications into proper risk categories. Although particularly prominent when novel technologies or novel institutional arrangements arise, lack of appropriate categories may affect any request of money lending, making cred...

After making a loan, a bank finds out if the loan needs contract enforcement (“monitoring”); it also decides whether to lay off credit risk in order to release costly capital. A bank can lay off credit risk by either selling the loan or by buying insurance through a credit default swap (CDS). With a CDS, the originating bank retains the loan’s control rights but no longer has an incentive to mo...

For a long time credit risk assessment has been regarded as one kind of classification issue of pattern identification, which could not fully meet the requirements of credit risk decision-making. In view of the connotation of credit risk, it is put forward that the probability that credit capital becomes bad debt and the relativity of credit risk should be taken into consideration to assess cre...

Burkart and Ellingsen’s (2004) model of trade credit and bank credit rationing predicts that trade credit will be used by medium-wealth and low-wealth firms to help ease bank credit rationing. The author tests these and other predictions of Burkart and Ellingsen’s model using a large sample of more than 28,000 Canadian firms. She uses an endogenous method to divide the firms into the appropriat...

With reference to the characteristics of online supply chain finance, this paper establishes a credit rating index system for the loan enterprise in the online supply chain finance that is based on the third-party B2B e-commerce platform. The system applies the multi-level gray evaluation model based on the Theil index to make a comprehensive evaluation on the credit of the loan enterprise and ...