Purpose: To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (r-IPC) administered to pregnant rats, in the ileum of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation. Methods: We used three pregnant rats and their newborn rats distributed in three groups: 1) Control (C) - Newborn rats born from a pregnant rat which did not undergo any intervention; 2) Hypoxia-Reoxygenation (H/R) - Ne...

The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic acids and phytase enzyme supplementation on performance and intestinal histomorphology of broilers. The experiment was done in a factorial arrangement 2 × 2 × 2 based on completely randomized design with eight treatments, five replicates with 12 chicks in each until 42 days of age. Diets included natural vinegar (0 and 2%),...

This study was conducted to evaluate effects of supplemental L-glutamine (Gln) and L-glutamate (Glu) on growth and physiological responses in broiler chickens. Within 8 h after hatching (36.1 ± 1.1 g BW), 480 broiler chickens were allotted randomly to 6 dietary treatments: NC (without Gln or Glu), GN5 (with 0.5% Gln), GN10 (with 1.0% Gln), GU5 (with 0.5% Glu), GU10 (with 1.0% Glu), and AG10 (wi...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Glutamine is an important energy source for the intestinal epithelium, and its supplementation protects intestinal epithelial cells by induction of glutathione. However, mechanisms of glutathione induction in cells at various stages of differentiation along the crypt to villus axis are not well understood. This study examined induction of glutathione in response to glutamine ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS The surface epithelium of the colon is being replaced constantly with cells derived from the stem cells of the crypt. Although the location of the stem cells is known, there are no markers for these cells. This study tested the hypothesis that colonic stem cells might be isolated and cultured on the basis of specific integrin expression patterns in normal human colonic epithel...

In this study, we examined the olfactory epithelium (OE) of the barfin flounder by transmission electron microscopy. As in the case of the ordinary teleost, the OE of the barfin flounder had 3 types of olfactory receptor cells (ciliated olfactory receptor cell, microvillous olfactory receptor cell and crypt cell), 3 types of supporting cells (ciliated, microvillous and crypt supporting cells) a...

Mucosal blood supply in the rat small intestine was studied by the injection replica scanning electron microscope method. The blood vascular plexus in the villus is originated at the tip of the villus and confluenced near the base of the villus. This supports the classical "fountain pattern" of MALL in the villous microcirculation. The capillary plexus in the crypt is derived at the base of the...

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are a group of rare cells located in the intestinal crypts which are responsible for the maintenance of the intestinal homeostasis and intestinal regeneration following injury or inflammation. Lineage tracing experiments in mice have proven that ISCs can repopulate the entire intestinal crypt. It is noteworthy that in such experiments, only a subset of intestinal cr...

Piglets, separated from their dam at 12 days of age and fed a milk substitute hourly, were used as a model for suckling. Animals were fitted with a terminal ileal T-cannula and a jugular vein catheter. At 28 days of age, half of the pigs had a dietary change to a cereal-based weaner diet fed as slurry, and the others remained on milk substitute. Animals were labelled by oral administration of 1...

Dietary intervention to prevent colon cancer is a major health issue. At present it is not clear which dietary factors modify colon cancer risk. Caloric restriction reduces the incidence of many spontaneous and car cinogen-induced tumors in rodents, but its role in human carcinogenesis is unknown. The relationships of body mass index (BMI), body composition, and resting metabolic rate (RMR) to ...