Background: At present time, the diagnosis of onychomycosis is based on clinical signs, direct exam and fungal culture, whereas Pathologic methods have shown to be more sensitive than other methods. Objective: Evaluation of pathologic methods in the diagnosis of onychomycosis in comparison to direct smear and culture. Patients and Methods: A nail sample was cut form 96 suspected onychomycosis p...

mycoplasma synoviae (ms) is an important avian pathogen that can cause both respiratory disease and joint inflammation synovitis in poultry, inducing economic losses to the iranian chicken industry especially breeder farms. the aim of this study was to use the ms specific pcr and culture methods in order to detect of m. synoviae from breeder farms where located in tehran province. a total of 47...

in order to study effective factors in sugar beet production using two stage cluster sampling, totally one hundred producers were selected from kermanshah and islamabad cities in kermanshah province. data were collected through interviews and  filling out questionnairs for crop season 1999-2000. evaluation of technical efficiency of sugar beet producers and  its  effective factors was carried o...

clostridium diffcile is part of the normal intestinal flora in a small proportion of healthy persons. when exposed to antibiotics, the normal enteric flora is altered, permitting the overgrowth of these relatively resistant organisms. proliferation of the organisms with localized production of their toxins leads to disease (pseudomembran colitis or antibiotic associated diarrhea). in this study...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate the model of professional citizen education in education. Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of data collection and was conducted using a descriptive survey research method. The statistical population of the study was all line managers and education staff in Khorasan Razavi province in 2019. Ac...